Mean and 95% CI urine UA:Cr ratios in control dogs (LUA non-Dalmatian, LUA Dalmatian, and HUA Dalmatian), Bulldogs, and BRTs. Dogs are grouped according to their genotypes: normal (both alleles contain guanine [G] at nucleotide No. 542), carrier (1 allele contains G, and the other contains thymine [T]), and affected (both alleles contain T) for the SLC2A9 Cys181Phe mutation. Urine UA:Cr values differed significantly among the 3 genotype groups in the control group (P < 0.001), Bulldogs (P < 0.001), and BRTs (P < 0.001).