. 2017 Aug 4;13:2115–2124. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S136448

Table 3.

Subgroup analysis of baseline BPI-SF average pain score (≤6 vs >6) effect on all scales

Patient characteristic	Week	Duloxetine^a		SSRIs^a		Treatment difference (95% CI)^b	P-value
Patient characteristic	Week	n	LS mean change (95% CI)	n	LS mean change (95% CI)	Treatment difference (95% CI)^b	P-value
Baseline BPI-SF average pain score	≤6
BPI-SF average pain score²⁴	2	137	−1.6 (−1.9, −1.3)	141	−1.6 (−1.9, −1.4)	−0.1 (−0.5, 0.3)	0.734
	4	158	−2.3 (−2.6, −2.0)	171	−2.2 (−2.4, −1.9)	0.2 (−0.3, 0.6)	0.420
	8	121	−3.0 (−3.3, −2.6)	129	−2.7 (−3.0, −2.3)	0.3 (−0.2, 0.8)	0.213
	12	117	−3.3 (−3.6, −2.9)	122	−3.1 (−3.4, −2.7)	0.2 (−0.3, 0.7)	0.369
HAM-D17 total score²⁷	2	110	−5.2 (−6.1, −4.3)	134	−6.1 (−6.9, −5.3)	−0.9 (−2.2, 0.3)	0.125
	4	139	−9.7 (−10.8, −8.7)	162	−10.8 (−11.7, −9.9)	−1.1 (−2.5, 0.4)	0.143
	8	98	−13.9 (−15.1, −12.8)	124	−14.1 (−15.1, −13.0)	−0.1 (−1.7, 1.4)	0.884
	12	93	−16.4 (−17.5, −15.2)	112	−16.3 (−17.3, −15.2)	0.1 (−1.5, 1.7)	0.879
GAF²⁶	12	110	20.6 (18.5, 22.7)	121	18.8 (16.8, 20.8)	1.8 (−1.2, 4.8)	0.249
SASS²⁸	12	97	8.9 (7.5, 10.2)	114	8.8 (7.6, 10.0)	0.1 (−1.8, 1.9)	0.937
EQ-5D²⁵	12	104	0.2926 (0.2617, 0.3235)	119	0.2816 (0.2529, 0.3104)	0.0109 (−0.0327, 0.0546)	0.622
Ability to work	0	177	48.6%	185	40.5%	–	0.139
Ability to work	12	126	85.8% (77.3%, 91.5%)	123	81.5% (72.3%, 88.1%)	1.374 (0.689, 2.740)	0.367
Baseline BPI-SF average pain score	>6
BPI-SF average pain score²⁴	2	72	−2.4 (−2.9, −1.9)	43	−2.7 (−3.4, −2.1)	−0.3 (−1.1, 0.5)	0.485
	4	78	−4.0 (−4.5, −3.5)	48	−3.5 (−4.1, −2.8)	0.5 (−0.3, 1.3)	0.219
	8	61	−5.0 (−5.6, −4.5)	35	−4.1 (−4.8, −3.4)	0.9 (0.0, 1.9)	0.051
	12	62	−5.2 (−5.8, −4.6)	43	−4.4 (−5.1, −3.6)	0.8 (−0.2, 1.8)	0.109
HAM-D17 total score²⁷	2	60	−5.3 (−6.7, −3.9)	39	−5.8 (−7.5, −4.1)	−0.5 (−2.7, 1.7)	0.673
	4	67	−10.7 (−12.3, −9.1)	47	−9.7 (−11.7, −7.8)	1.0 (−1.6, 3.5)	0.461
	8	50	−14.8 (−16.6, −12.9)	30	−12.5 (−14.8, −10.2)	2.2 (−0.8, 5.2)	0.140
	12	50	−17.0 (−19.0, −15.0)	36	−14.5 (−16.9, −12.1)	2.5 (−0.7, 5.7)	0.125
GAF²⁶	12	55	19.5 (16.4, 22.6)	40	16.5 (12.8, 20.3)	3.0 (−2.0, 8.0)	0.238
SASS²⁸	12	56	9.7 (7.5, 11.9)	40	8.8 (6.1, 11.4)	0.9 (−2.6, 4.5)	0.604
EQ-5D²⁵	12	58	0.3316 (0.2873, 0.3758)	39	0.2960 (0.2410, 0.3510)	0.0355 (−0.0365, 0.1075)	0.330
Ability to work	0	96	41.7%	65	32.3%	–	0.250
Ability to work	12	65	84.6% (73.8%, 91.5%)	44	67.8% (47.0%, 83.3%)	2.614 (1.065, 6.416)	0.036^c

Notes:

For change from baseline, all values are presented as scores, except for ability to work, which is presented as a percentage.

For treatment difference, ability to work is presented as an odds ratio (values >1 favor duloxetine). All other treatment differences presented are the least squares mean change difference between treatment groups (positive values indicate favorable outcome with duloxetine; negative values indicate favorable outcome with SSRIs).

Statistically significant difference favoring duloxetine, P<0.05. BPI-SF, higher score indicates more pain; EQ-5D, lower score indicates less healthy; GAF, lower score indicates greater severity of illness; HAM-D17, higher score indicates more depression; SASS, higher score indicates greater social adjustment.

Abbreviations: BPI-SF, Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form; CI, confidence interval; EQ-5D, EuroQol 5-dimension questionnaire for quality of life; GAF, Global Assessment of Functioning Scale; HAM-D17, 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; LS, least squares; n, number of affected patients; SASS, Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale; SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.