Table 3. Macronutrient and fortified wheat flour intake among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Baseline (n = 537) | Six months (n = 413) | 12 months (n = 361) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Measure | Intake (mean±SD) | Intake(mean±SD) | Change; p-value | Intake (mean±SD) | Change; p-value |
Energy (kcals/day) | 2906 (±966) | 2447 (±851) | -599; <0.0001 | 2348 (±860) | -700; <0.0001 |
Protein % | 12.2% (±2.5) | 12.7 (±2.57) | 0.52; 0.006 | 12.5 (±2.76) | 0.30; 0.17 |
Fat % | 31.8% (±6.27) | 31.7 (±5.95) | 0.45; 0.29 | 32.3 (±5.81) | 0.88; 0.08 |
Carbohydrate % | 56.0% (±7.9) | 55.5 (±7.36) | -0.97; 0.06 | 55.1 (±7.39) | -1.18; 0.07 |
Fortified wheat-based foodsa (meanservings/day±SE) |
0.84 (±0.56) | 0.61 (±0.28) | -0.23; <0.0001 | 0.62 (±0.55) | -0.25; <0.0001 |
aWheat-based foods included bread, pancakes, cakes and donuts
N’s are different at each time point due to FFQ inclusions for analysis