| Gender |
Study enrolment |
|
|
|
| Girl |
3,190 |
49.5 |
15.6 |
| Boy |
3,198 |
50.5 |
8.5 |
| Prenatal problems |
Cycle 1 |
|
|
|
| Yes–at least one |
741 |
8.0 |
11.9 |
| No problems |
1,517 |
18.6 |
8.4 |
| Missing |
4,130 |
73.4 |
12.9 |
| Use of over-the-counter drugs during pregnancy |
Cycle 1 |
|
|
|
| Yes |
676 |
7.6 |
10.8 |
| No |
1,583 |
19.0 |
8.9 |
| Missing |
4,129 |
73.4 |
12.9 |
| Breastfeeding |
Cycle 1 and 2 |
|
|
|
| Yes–was breastfed |
1,884 |
22.7 |
8.9 |
| No–never breastfed |
589 |
6.7 |
11.0 |
| Missing |
3,915 |
70.6 |
13.1 |
| Child injured |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
626 |
9.2 |
14.2 |
| No |
5,762 |
90.8 |
11.8 |
| Child has a condition that prevents/limits participation |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
167 |
3.2 |
20.9 |
| No |
6,221 |
96.8 |
11.7 |
| Child’s development (PPVT score) |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Delayed development |
2,433 |
45.0 |
12.0 |
| Normal development |
3,955 |
54.7 |
12.0 |
| Stressful event (ever) |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
2,488 |
40.5 |
15.4 |
| No |
3,900 |
59.5 |
9.7 |
| Death in the family |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
701 |
11.4 |
16.6 |
| No |
5,687 |
88.7 |
11.4 |
| Mother in youngest age group at birth |
Cycle 1 |
|
|
|
| Mother <25 years at birth |
1,386 |
17.9 |
14.7 |
| Mother ≥25 years at birth |
5,002 |
82.1 |
11.4 |
| Mother in oldest age group at birth |
Cycle 1 |
|
|
|
| Mother <40 years at birth |
146 |
3.6 |
11.7 |
| Mother ≥40 years at birth |
6,242 |
96.4 |
12.0 |
| Single parent status |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| Single parent |
1,314 |
22.9 |
16.7 |
| Lived with two parents |
5,074 |
77.1 |
10.6 |
| Mother’s volunteer status |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Does not volunteer |
2,342 |
35.5 |
10.5 |
| Volunteers |
1,929 |
27.4 |
11.9 |
| Missing |
2,117 |
37.1 |
13.6 |
| Participates in religious activities |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| No |
3,873 |
55.9 |
11.0 |
| Yes |
2,515 |
44.2 |
13.3 |
| Family composition |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Blended |
1,367 |
24.0 |
15.6 |
| Intact |
5,021 |
76.0 |
10.9 |
| Immigrant status of mother |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| Mother was immigrant |
649 |
18.0 |
9.6 |
| Mother not immigrant |
5,739 |
82.0 |
12.5 |
| Household income ever below the Low Income Cut-Off (LICO) |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| Ever below LICO |
2,044 |
35.7 |
13.5 |
| Never below LICO |
4,344 |
64.3 |
11.2 |
| Mother or spouse ever unemployed |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
1,695 |
26.5 |
9.8 |
| No |
4,127 |
65.2 |
12.5 |
| Missing |
566 |
8.3 |
15.2 |
| Mother has graduated high school |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| No |
1,290 |
21.9 |
12.7 |
| Yes |
5,098 |
78.1 |
11.8 |
| Mother has graduated from university or college |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| No |
3,968 |
63.2 |
12.3 |
| Yes |
2,420 |
36.8 |
11.5 |
| Housing tenure |
Birth-5 years |
|
|
|
| Rented (ever) |
2,198 |
37.8 |
13.8 |
| Always owned |
4,190 |
62.2 |
10.9 |
| Current smoking status of mother |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Daily/occasional smoker |
1,994 |
29.6 |
14.7 |
| Non-smoker |
4,394 |
70.4 |
10.8 |
| Current binge drinking status of mother |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Mother reported at least one binge drink occasion |
1,990 |
27.5 |
14.6 |
| Mother did not report binge drinking |
4,398 |
72.5 |
11.0 |
| Hostile or ineffective parenting |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
739 |
12.8 |
11.9 |
| No |
4,222 |
64.5 |
12.3 |
| Missing |
1,427 |
22.8 |
11.2 |
| Inconsistent parenting |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
989 |
16.1 |
9.2 |
| No/Missing |
5,399 |
83.9 |
12.5 |
| Punitive/aversive parenting |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
1,318 |
20.1 |
13.5 |
| No/Missing |
5,070 |
79.9 |
11.6 |
| Child sees violence on TV |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Often, sometimes, seldom |
3,678 |
56.0 |
12.8 |
| Never |
2,710 |
44.0 |
11.0 |
| Child changed main childcare arrangement in past 12 months |
4–5 years |
|
|
|
| Yes |
1,651 |
22.8 |
12.2 |
| No |
971 |
15.4 |
12.5 |
| Missing |
3,766 |
61.8 |
11.8 |
| Neighbourhood cohesion |
Cycles 1,3 |
|
|
|
| Low |
1,297 |
21.9 |
13.2 |
| Medium/high |
4,104 |
60.9 |
11.8 |
| Missing |
|
3,766 |
17.1 |
11.2 |
| Neighbourhood safety |
Measured once between 0–5 years (in cycle 1) |
|
|
|
| Low |
1,299 |
26.0 |
12.1 |
| Medium/high |
5,089 |
74.0 |
12.0 |
