. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Child Dev. 2017 Jun 26;88(4):1063–1078. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12870

Table 3.

Relationships of program quality indices to positive youth development, Wave 2 data only, standardized coefficients.

Program Quality Index	Collective Efficacy		Prosocial Behavior		Afterschool Connectedness		Materialism		Competition		Respect for Adults
	b	S.E.	b	S.E.	b	S.E.	b	S.E.	b	S.E.	b	S.E.
Composite (Unrotated first factor)	0.16 ^**	0.05	0.15 ^***	0.04	0.16 ^**	0.05	−0.02	0.05	0.02	0.04	0.07 ^*	0.03
ACA	0.23 ^***	0.07	0.13 ^*	0.05	0.21 ^***	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.15 ^**	0.05	0.06	0.04
Arnett Sensitivity-Detachment	0.12 ^*	0.06	0.11 ^**	0.04	0.10 ⁺	0.05	−0.03	0.05	−0.02	0.04	0.05	0.03
Arnett Harshness	−0.12 ^*	0.06	−0.11 ^*	0.04	−0.06	0.05	0.07	0.05	0.01	0.04	−0.06 ⁺	0.03
Arnett Permissiveness	−0.07	0.06	−0.08 ⁺	0.05	−0.04	0.06	0.07	0.06	0.04	0.05	−0.02	0.03
PPRS Supportive Relations with Adults	0.13 ^*	0.06	0.12 ^**	0.04	0.13 ^*	0.05	−0.02	0.05	0.02	0.04	0.05 ⁺	0.03
PPRS Supportive Relations with Peers	0.08	0.06	0.10 ^*	0.05	0.06	0.06	−0.02	0.06	−0.02	0.05	0.02	0.03
PPRS Appropriate Structure	0.03	0.06	0.08 ⁺	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.00	0.05	0.01	0.04	0.03	0.03
PPRS Level of Engagement	0.12 ^*	0.06	0.12 ^**	0.04	0.15 ^**	0.05	0.00	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.05	0.03
YPQA Active Engagement	0.14 ^*	0.06	0.07	0.04	0.14 ^**	0.05	0.03	0.05	0.02	0.04	0.07 ^*	0.03
YPQA Belonging	0.16 ^**	0.05	0.19 ^**	0.06	0.19 ^***	0.05	−0.02	0.05	−0.01	0.04	0.08 ^**	0.03
YPQA Adult Engagement	0.14 ^*	0.06	0.13 ^**	0.04	0.08	0.05	−0.02	0.05	−0.02	0.04	0.06 ^*	0.03
N programs	71		71		71		71		71		71
N children	533		577		569		560		562		566

⁺

p < .1;

p < .05,

^**

p < .01,

^***

p < .001

Each result is from a separate multilevel model with random intercepts and controls for intervention versus control, gender, cohort, race/ethnicity, and grade.