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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 3.
Published in final edited form as: Oncogene. 2017 Apr 3;36(32):4527–4537. doi: 10.1038/onc.2017.94

Figure 3. Effect of anti-estrogen therapies on bone turnover.

Figure 3

Estrogen (E2) promotes bone formation by opposing osteoclastogenesis and enhancing osteoblast activity. Breast cancer therapies affect bone metabolism and may impact bone metastasis. Aromatase inhibitors prevent E2 production which may leads to more bone loss due to increased osteoclast activity. Fulvestrant alters E2 signaling by inducing degradation of ERs, which leads decreased bone formation.