Table 6.

Fold changes of cytokine gene expression in the cecal tissues of broilers after challenged with SE¹.

		Experimental treats
Gene	Age of post-ch2	NC	PC	EXP
IFN-γ	2 d	0.62 ± 0.11	1.33 ± 0.17	0.70 ± 0.22
	6 d	0.49 ± 0.07b	1.37 ± 0.22a	0.56 ± 0.15b
IL-1β	2 d	0.80 ± 0.12b	1.21 ± 0.14a	0.48 ± 0.11b
	6 d	0.66 ± 0.17b	1.29 ± 0.16a	0.54 ± 0.12b
IL-8	2 d	0.67 ± 0.04	0.44 ± 0.10	0.34 ± 0.09
	6 d	0.66 ± 0.15b	1.41 ± 0.16a	0.50 ± 0.06b
TNF-α	2 d	1.00 ± 0.08	0.75 ± 0.17	0.89 ± 0.18
	6 d	0.93 ± 0.08	0.76 ± 0.17	0.89 ± 0.18

Mean ± SD in the same row with different superscript letters differ significantly (P < 0.05). ¹Each mean represents six birds. NC, birds fed a basal diet without challenged with SE; PC, birds fed a basal diet and challenged with SE; EXP, birds fed a basal diet with C. butyricum (10⁶ CFU/mL) and challenged with SE. ²The days after challenging.