Table 2.
Summary of included studies on pre-surgical temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
| Reference | n | Neuropsychological test parameters | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baxendale and Thompson (62) | Right temporal lobe (RTL) 133 | WAIS PIQ, VIQ; AMIPB | Verbal memory decline post-surg left temporal lobe (LTL) |
| LTL 157 | |||
| Baxendale et al. (63) | RTL 146 LTL 177 |
WAIS PIQ, VIQ; AMIPB; Birt Memory and Information Processing Battery | RTL and LTL at equal risk of post-surg decline |
| Berenbaum et al. (64) | LTL 57 | WAIS Digit Span; CVLT | CVLT decline post-surg |
| Bjørnaes et al. (65) | RTL 50 | WAIS Digit Span; Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT); Design Learning and Retention Test; Verbal List Learning and Retention; Tactual Performance Test | Improvement at 2-year follow up post-surg |
| LTL 41 | |||
| Chelune et al. (66) | RTL 19 | WAIS-R VIQ, PIQ; WMS-R, RAVLT; COWAT, Halstead-Wepman Aphasia Screening Exam, BNT, Speech Sounds Perception Test; Hooper Visual Organization Test, Seashore Rhythm Test | LTL decline post-surg |
| LTL 23 | |||
| Chiaravalloti et al. (67) | RTL 16 | WMS-III Faces Subtest; Graduate Hospital Facial Memory Test | RTL < LTL both pre- and post-surg |
| LTL 10 | |||
| Chiaravalloti (68) | RTL 42 | CVLT; Graduate Hospital Facial Memory Test | Verbal memory post-surg decline LTL, RTL improved. Visuospatial memory post-surg decline RTL, LTL improvement |
| LTL 28 | |||
| Fernandes et al. (69) | RTL 23 | WAIS-R Block design, Vocabulary; WMS-R; RAVLT | Cognitive scores post-surg decline low pre-surg scores. Non-verbal memory post-surg RTL decline, verbal and visuospatial memory LTL decline |
| LTL 24 | |||
| healthy controls (HC) 28 | |||
| Giovagnoli et al. (70) | RTL 12 | Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices; Attentive Matrices; Verbal Selective Reminding Procedure, Story Recall, Verbal Memory Distractor Test; Visual Selective Reminding Procedure, ROCFT, Visual Memory Distractor Test | Verbal memory pre- and post-surgery LTL impaired relative to HC. Visual deficits present in both groups relative to HC |
| LTL 12 | |||
| HC 36 | |||
| Gleissner et al. (71) | RTL 63 | VLMT; DCR-S | Verbal memory LTL decline |
| LTL 52 | |||
| Glosser et al. (72) | RTL 13 | Boston Naming Test; CVLT Benton Facial Recognition, Graduate Hospital Facial Memory | Recognition of familiar faces and learning new faces RTL impaired. Names of familiar faces LTL impaired |
| LTL 8 | |||
| HC 10 | |||
| Helmstaedter et al. (73) | LTL 47 | Verbal Learning and Memory Test; RAVLT | Delayed recall and recognition post-surg improvement |
| Hermann and Wyler (74) | RTL 14 | COWAT; Token Test | Language tests pre-surg LTL deficit |
| LTL 15 | |||
| Hermann et al. (75) | RTL 31 | CVLT | Verbal memory post-surg RTL increased |
| LTL 26 | |||
| Hermann et al. (76) | RTL 26 | WAIS-R Digit Span; Multilingual Aphasia Examination Visual Naming Test; CVLT | CVLT post-surg decline LTL |
| LTL 36 | |||
| Köylü et al. (77) | RTL 12 | List learning task | LTL post-surg decline |
| LTL 14 | |||
| Lee et al. (78) | LTL 38 | RAVLT; ROCFT | Memory post-surg decline |
| Loring et al. (79) | RTL 13 | Selective Reminding Test, Serial Digit Learning, ROCFT, Form Sequence Learning | Complex figure RTL impaired. Verbal memory decline LTL |
| LTL 16 | |||
| Malikova et al. (80) | RTL 11 | WAIS-R; WMS-R; Verbal Fluency Test | FSIQ, global and verbal memory, attention, and working memory all improved post-surg |
| LTL 26 | |||
| Morino et al. (81) | RTL 31 | WMS-R; Miyake Verbal Retention Test; BVRT | Memory RTL improved post-surg. Verbal memory LTL post-surg improved |
| LTL 31 | |||
| Quigg et al. (82) | RTL 16 | TMT; BNT; CVLT; WMS-R Logical Memory Scale | BNT and CVLT LTL decreased post-surgery. Language and verbal memory LTL increased. TMT increased |
| LTL 14 | |||
| Seidenberg et al. (83) | RTL 30 | CVLT | Free recall LTL decline post-surgery |
| LTL 46 | |||
| Selwa et al. (84) | RTL 14 | WAIS-R; WMS | FSIQ, Logical Memory RTL improved post-surg. Verbal memory decline LTL post-surg |
| LTL 17 | |||
| Non-surgical TLE 28 | |||
| Shamim et al. (85) | RTL 14 | WAIS-III; WMS-III | Verbal memory deficit post-surg LTL |
| LTL 16 | |||
| Stretton et al. (86) | RTL 17 | WAIS-III Digit Span; Gesture Span Task; Motor Sequences Task; Dot-Back Paradigm | Working memory pre-surg RTL and LTL worse than HC. WM improved post-surg LTL |
| LTL 16 | |||
| HC 15 | |||
| Tisser et al. (87) | RTL 10 | WAIS-R; WCST | WCST RTL and LTL impaired, improved post-surg |
| LTL 15 | |||
| HC 22 | |||
| Trenerry and Jack (88) | RTL 34 | WAIS-R; WCST | The WCST is not useful for lateralizing seizure onset in TLE |
| LTL 34 | |||
| Trenerry et al. (89) | RTL 36 | WAIS-R; WMS-R; RAVLT; Visual Spatial Learning Test | Verbal and visual memory LTL improved post-surg |
| LTL 44 | |||
| von Rhein et al. (90) | RTL 20 | VLMT; DCS-R; BNT; Token Test | Verbal Memory impaired post-surgery. Naming decline post-surgery LTL |
| LTL 32 | |||
Tests of executive function: WCST, FAS, TMT-B, Stroop, Hayling Sentence Completion Test, CANTAB: Intra Extra Dimensional Set Shifting, CANTAB: Stockings Problem; Tests of Verbal Memory—CVLT, RAVLT, WAIS Vocab, WMS-R: Logical Memory, WMS-R: Verbal Paired Associates, Token Test, VLMT: Verbaler Lern- und Merkfähigkeitstest; Tests of non-verbal memory- ROCFT, WMS: Visual reproduction, WMS-R: Design Memory, WMS-R Visual Reproduction, WMS-III: Face Test, CANTAB: Spatial recognition memory, CANTAB: Pattern Recognition Memory, CANTAB: Paired Associates Learning; Attention span WAIS: Digit Span, Adult Memory and Information Processing Battery (AMIPB); sustained attention CPT; working memory SWMT, N-Back, WAIS: Letter Number Sequencing, WMS-III: Letter Number Sequencing, CANTAB: Spatial Working Memory.