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. 2017 Aug 10;7:7742. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08171-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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A linearly source couple equally with two guided modes oppositely propagating along the interface. (a) The sample contains an effective ENG metamaterial loaded with shunted lumped inductors in the upper part and an effective MNG metamaterial loaded with series lumped capacitors in the lower part. A linearly polarized source is loaded near the center of the sample marked by the red point. Inset shows the amplified capacitor and resistor, respectively. The corresponding circuit model is also given. The simulated (b) and the measured (c) normalized |H_z| patterns of the sample in (a) at 2.7 GHz are given.