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. 2017 Aug 10;7:7790. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08454-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Perception of the nociceptive stimuli in win trials. (A) Means and 95% confidence intervals of VAS ratings in the five conditions with nociceptive stimulation: accepted and received with low win, accepted and received with high win, control condition, rejected and not received with low win, rejected and not received with high win. Post-hoc comparisons: effect size indicated by Cohen’s d. (B) Effects of subjective utility as a moderator are depicted by regression lines with 95% confidence intervals of estimated VAS ratings at below average (mean −1 standard deviation; green), average (mean; grey), and above average (mean +1 standard deviation; red) values of the utility index. The higher the values of the utility index, the higher the participant’s tendency to accept a win and a nociceptive stimulus and the stronger the perceptual modulation.