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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Mar 8;76(9):1481–1483. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211109

Figure 1.

Figure 1

A preclinical phase of PsA likely includes an asymptomatic inflammatory phase followed by development of symptoms, and ultimately diagnosis. Kristensen et al demonstrated increasing comorbidities and societal economic costs in the 3 and 5 years prior to diagnosis, respectively. Disentangling the ‘preclinical phase’ of PsA from psoriasis is challenging. Furthermore, this preclinical phase makes assessment of comorbidities and risk factors challenging by impacting the interval over which risk factors and comorbidities may be assessed.