Table 2.
Comparison of demographics stratified by primary anti-cancer treatments.
| Curative treatments (n = 1632) | TACE (n = 940) | Targeted therapy (n = 133) | Supportive care (n = 666) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean ± SD) | 63 ± 13 | 67 ± 13 | 62 ± 15 | 66 ± 14 | <0.001 |
| Male (n, %) | 1210 (74) | 720 (77) | 111 (84) | 539 (81) | 0.001 |
| Liver disease (n, %) | |||||
| Hepatitis B | 926 (57) | 445 (47) | 83 (62) | 353 (53) | <0.001 |
| Hepatitis C | 503 (31) | 323 (34) | 23 (17) | 174 (26) | <0.001 |
| Alcoholism | 272 (17) | 179 (19) | 33 (25) | 148 (22) | 0.004 |
| Tumor size ≥ 5 cm (n, %) | 391 (24) | 491 (52) | 115 (87) | 529 (79) | <0.001 |
| Multiple tumors (n, %) | 404 (25) | 460 (49) | 54 (41) | 327 (49) | <0.001 |
| Metastasis (n, %) | 31 (2) | 50 (5) | 38 (29) | 176 (26) | <0.001 |
| Total tumor volume (cm3, mean ± SD [median]) | 144 ± 433 | 375 ± 768 | 998 ± 1085 | 781 ± 980 | <0.001 |
| (14) | (78) | (697) | (524) | ||
| Vascular invasion (n, %) | 113 (7) | 175 (19) | 106 (80) | 433 (65) | <0.001 |
| α-fetoprotein ≥ 400 ng/mL (n, %) | 281 (17) | 256 (27) | 90 (68) | 360 (54) | <0.001 |
| CTP class (n, %) | <0.001 | ||||
| A | 1420 (87) | 742 (79) | 68 (51) | 232 (35) | |
| B | 186 (11) | 177 (19) | 60 (45) | 325 (49) | |
| C | 26 (2) | 21 (2) | 5 (4) | 109 (16) | |
| Ascites (n, %) | 171 (11) | 179 (19) | 63 (47) | 366 (55) | <0.001 |
| Biochemistry (mean ± SD) | |||||
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 3.7 ± 0.6 | 3.5 ± 0.6 | 3.2 ± 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1 ± 1 | 1.1 ± 1 | 1.9 ± 2.9 | 3.4 ± 5.4 | <0.001 |
| INR of PT | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | <0.001 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 140 ± 3 | 140 ± 4 | 136 ± 4 | 135 ± 5 | <0.001 |
| Estimated GFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) (n, %) | 1267 (78) | 678 (72) | 105 (79) | 416 (63) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 395 (24) | 242 (26) | 38 (29) | 175 (26) | 0.528 |
| Performance status (n, %) | <0.001 | ||||
| 0 | 1221 (75) | 562 (60) | 29 (22) | 143 (22) | |
| 1–2 | 374 (23) | 330 (35) | 87 (65) | 285 (43) | |
| 3–4 | 37 (2) | 48 (5) | 17 (13) | 238 (36) | |
| Tumor burden (n, %) | <0.001 | ||||
| 0 | 290 (18) | 39 (4) | 0 | 16 (2) | |
| 1 | 799 (49) | 240 (26) | 2 (2) | 45 (7) | |
| 2 | 410 (25) | 457 (49) | 21 (16) | 126 (19) | |
| 3 | 133 (8) | 204 (22) | 110 (83) | 479 (72) | |
| BCLC stage (n, %) | <0.001 | ||||
| 0 | 235 (14) | 28 (3) | 0 | 1 (0.2) | |
| A | 636 (39) | 168 (18) | 1 (1) | 19 (3) | |
| B | 263 (16) | 243 (26) | 7 (5) | 38 (6) | |
| C | 443 (27) | 443 (48) | 107 (81) | 338 (51) | |
| D | 55 (3) | 58 (6) | 18 (14) | 270 (41) | |
BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; CTP, Child-Turcotte-Pugh; Curative treatments include resection, ablation and liver transplantation; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; INR, international normalized ratio; PT, prothrombin time; SD, standard deviation; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization.