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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res. 2017 Jun 20;158:167–173. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.015

Table 3.

Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between benzene and childhood acute leukemia, stratified by leukemia type.

Acute Lymphoid Leukemia n=228 Acute Myeloid Leukemia n=79
Unadjusted Adjusted for Maternal Education Adjusted for Urbanization and Maternal Education Unadjusted Adjusted for Maternal Education Adjusted for Urbanization and Maternal Education
OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Quartiles of benzene exposure
0.11-<0.39 μg/m3 Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference
0.39-<0.67 μg/m3 0.93 (0.61, 1.42) 0.89 (0.58, 1.37) 0.91 (0.58, 1.44) 1.20 (0.54, 2.66) 1.24 (0.55, 2.79) 1.60 (0.67, 3.81)
0.67-<0.91 μg/m3 1.02 (0.67, 1.56) 1.04 (0.68, 1.60) 1.07 (0.66, 1.76) 1.13 (0.54, 2.38) 1.26 (0.58, 2.72) 1.92 (0.77, 4.74)
0.91-2.03 μg/m3 1.10 (0.72, 1.67) 1.03 (0.67, 1.58) 1.06 (0.65, 1.74) 1.42 (0.69, 2.94) 1.60 (0.75, 3.42) 2.42 (0.98, 5.96)
Benzene divided at 40th, 60th, and 95th percentiles
0.11-<0.53 μg/m3 Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference Reference
0.53-<0.78 μg/m3 0.91 (0.61, 1.37) 0.92 (0.61, 1.39) 0.93 (0.60, 1.43) 1.49 (0.69, 3.21) 1.46 (0.66, 3.22) 1.76 (0.79, 3.92)
0.78-<1.33 μg/m3 1.08 (0.77, 1.53) 1.07 (0.75, 1.51) 1.08 (0.73, 1.59) 1.33 (0.73, 2.40) 1.50 (0.80, 2.78) 1.74 (0.88, 3.46)
1.33-2.03 μg/m3 0.81 (0.36, 1.84) 0.66 (0.28, 1.57) 0.67 (0.28, 1.62) 1.24 (0.44, 3.48) 1.34 (0.47, 3.86) 1.58 (0.53, 4.69)