Table 2.

List of selected postmortem human studies examining morphological changes on dendrites of cortical pyramidal neuron including PFC.

Areas examined	Pathology	Age	Subject numbers, diagnosis	References
Frontal cortex Parietal cortex Temporal cortex	ASD	12, 27 years	4 ASD	Williams et al., 1980
Prefrontal cortex (BA 9) Temporal cortex (BA 21) Parietal cortex (BA 7)	ASD	10–45 years	10 ASD 15 controls	Hutsler and Zhang, 2010
Prefrontal (BA 10) Frontal (BA 4) Temporal (BA 21)	RTT	16–24 years	2 RTT 11 TRPE 6 controls	Belichenko et al., 1994
Frontal cortex Temporal cortex Occipital cortex	RTT/DS	6–35 years	16 RTT 6 DS 9 controls	Armstrong et al., 1998
Prefrontal (BA 9)	DS	Newborn, 2.5 month	2 DS 2 controls	Vukšić et al., 2002
Temporal pole (BA 38) Temporal cortex (BA 22/21)	Schizophrenia	Adult	13 schizophrenia 1 schizophrenia-like psychosis 11 controls	Garey et al., 1998
Frontal cortex (BA 46) Occipital cortex (BA 17)	Schizophrenia	Adult	15 schizophrenia 15 non-schizophrenia with psychiatric illness 15 controls	Glantz and Lewis, 2000
Mesial frontal lobe Temporal lobe	Epilepsy	Not reported	14	Vaquero et al., 1982
Motor cortex (BA 4) PFC (BA 10) Broca's area (BA 44)	Callosotomy	Adult	2 callosotomy	Jacobs et al., 2003

ASD, autism spectrum disorder; RTT, Rett syndrome; DS, Down syndrome; TRPE, therapy resistant partial epilepsy.