Table 3.
Comparison of variables collected at time of ICU admission and ARDS onset for early- and late-onset ARDS patients
| Variable | Early-onset ARDS (N = 603) | Late-onset ARDS (N = 273) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| At time of ICU admission | |||
| Age | 56.93 ± 17.99 | 58.62 ± 17.28 | 0.1922 |
| Gender (male) | 384 (63.68%) | 166 (60.81%) | 0.4148 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| White | 539 (89.39%) | 249 (91.21%) | 0.3507 |
| Black | 25 (4.15%) | 15 (5.49%) | |
| Hispanic | 29 (4.81%) | 6 (2.20%) | |
| Asian | 7 (1.16%) | 2 (0.73%) | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 178 (34.17%) | 69 (29.74%) | 0.4581 |
| Former | 154 (29.56%) | 76 (32.76%) | |
| Current | 189 (36.28%) | 87 (37.50%) | |
| Other | 3 (0.50%) | 1 (0.37%) | |
| Year of sample enrollment | |||
| 1995–2000 | 33 (5.47%) | 20 (7.33%) | 0.2173 |
| 2001–2005 | 229 (37.98%) | 118 (43.22%) | |
| 2006–2010 | 254 (42.12%) | 97 (35.53%) | |
| 2011–2015 | 87 (14.43%) | 38 (13.92%) | |
| ARDS risk factors | |||
| Bacteremia | 98 (16.25%) | 42 (15.38%) | 0.7455 |
| Sepsis | 522 (86.57%) | 234 (85.71%) | 0.7338 |
| Septic shock | 434 (71.97%) | 161 (58.97%) | 0.0001 |
| Pneumonia | 464 (76.95%) | 187 (68.50%) | 0.0080 |
| Multiple fractures | 18 (2.99%) | 16 (5.86%) | 0.0412 |
| Pulmonary contusion | 28 (4.64%) | 15 (5.49%) | 0.5892 |
| Aspiration | 65 (10.78%) | 22 (8.06%) | 0.2124 |
| Multiple transfusion | 44 (7.30%) | 27 (9.89%) | 0.1927 |
| Prednisone prior admission | 46 (7.63%) | 15 (5.49%) | 0.2504 |
| Vasopressors prior admission | 468 (77.61%) | 181 (66.30%) | 0.0004 |
| Transfusion within 7 days prior admission | 305 (51.35%) | 158 (59.40%) | 0.0286 |
| Intubation within 24 h of admission | 473 (78.44%) | 170 (62.27%) | <0.0001 |
| Ventilation within 24 h of admission | 587 (97.35%) | 198 (72.53%) | <0.0001 |
| Ventilation days before ARDS onset | 1.00 (1.00–2.00) | 3.00 (0.00–4.00) | <0.0001 |
| Lung injury score | 2.63 ± 0.68 | 2.21 ± 0.91 | <0.0001 |
| APACHE III score | 77.18 ± 24.56 | 72.45 ± 22.94 | 0.0072 |
| Multiple organ dysfunction score | 6.27 ± 2.55 | 6.03 ± 2.83 | 0.2152 |
| At time of ARDS onset | |||
| Multiple organ dysfunction score | 5.98 ± 2.43 | 5.93 ± 2.60 | 0.7905 |
| Pulmonary: PaO2/FiO2 | 103.00 (72.00–137.00) | 118.00 (87.00–153.00) | <0.0001 |
| Hematologic: platelet (109/L) | 184.50 (114.00–288.50) | 151.50 (82.00–248.00) | 0.0002 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 224 (38.16%) | 132 (49.25%) | 0.0023 |
| Renal: creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.27 (0.81–2.10) | 1.10 (0.70–2.06) | 0.0203 |
| Hepatic: total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.80 (0.50–1.60) | 0.90 (0.50–2.40) | 0.1241 |
| Cardiovascular: vasopressors | 417 (73.81%) | 169 (69.60%) | 0.0691 |
| ARDS severity | |||
| Moderate | 318 (52.74%) | 182 (66.67%) | <0.0001 |
| Severe | 285 (47.26%) | 91 (33.33%) | |
Normal and non-normal distributed continuous variables were described using mean ± standard and median (25th quantile–75th quantile), respectively; ARDS onset within 48 h after admission was defined as early-onset, and otherwise as late-onset stage