Table 1. Measurements of the endocranial cast and calculations of body mass and encehalization quotients in Therapsida.
| Skull length (mm) | BM1 (g) | BM2 (g) | BM3 (g) | Average BM (g) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moschops | Dinocephalia | 340 | 106,299 | 215,918 | 63,748 | 128,655 |
| Moschops (no pineal tube) | Dinocephalia | – | – | – | – | 128,655 |
| Moschops (Jerison, 1973’s BM) | Dinocephalia | – | – | – | – | 327,367 |
| Moschops (Bakker, 1975’s BM) | Dinocephalia | – | – | – | – | 700,000 |
| Strutiocephalus | Dinocephalia | 443 | 234,686 | 493,346 | 136,495 | 288,176 |
| Strutiocephalus (Bakker, 1975’s BM) | Dinocephalia | – | – | – | – | 1,000,000 |
| Pristerodon | Dicynodontia | – | – | – | – | 1,358 |
| Pristerodon* | Dicynodontia | 78 | 1,281 | 2,149 | 1,012 | 1,481 |
| Niassodon | Dicynodontia | – | – | – | – | 491 |
| Niassodon* | Dicynodontia | 63 | 675 | 1,101 | 570 | 782 |
| Lystrosaurus | Dicynodontia | 180 | 15,746 | 29,444 | 10,342 | 18,511 |
| Tetracynodon | Therocephalia | 75 | 1,139 | 1,901 | 910 | 1,317 |
| Brasilitherium | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 99 |
| Brasilitherium* | Cynodontia | 38 | 149 | 227 | 154 | 176 |
| Therioherpeton | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 64 |
| Therioherpeton* | Cynodontia | 31 | 80 | 120 | 93 | 98 |
| Probainognathus | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 590 |
| Probainognathus* | Cynodontia | 65 | 741 | 1,215 | 619 | 858 |
| cf. Probelesodon | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 3,807 |
| cf. Probelesodon* | Cynodontia | 120 | 4,666 | 8,276 | 3,310 | 5,417 |
| Exaeretodon | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 46,877 |
| Exaeretodon* | Cynodontia | 278 | 58,009 | 114,778 | 35,699 | 69,496 |
| Massetognathus | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 1,865 |
| Massetognathus* | Cynodontia | 95 | 2,315 | 3,984 | 1,734 | 2,677 |
| Diademodon | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 50,000 |
| Diademodon* | Cynodontia | 288 | 64,497 | 128,203 | 39,506 | 77,402 |
| Diademodon | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 7,000 |
| Thrinaxodon | Cynodontia | – | – | – | – | 700 |
| Thrinaxodon* | Cynodontia | 69 | 873 | 1,440 | 717 | 1,010 |
| Morganucodon | Mammaliaformes | – | – | – | – | 51 |
| Morganucodon* | Mammaliaformes | 26 | 47 | 69 | 61 | 59 |
| Hadrocodium | Mammaliaformes | – | – | – | – | 2 |
| Hadrocodium* | Mammaliaformes | 12 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 7 |
Notes.
Abbreviation
- BM
- body mass
- EQ
- encephalization quotient
- EV
- endocast volume
*
Indicates taxa for which BM was recalculated (see ‘Material and Methods’) (Raw data).