Microglial cells were transfected with scrambled/cofilin siRNA at 50 nM concentration for 72 h and then treated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for another hour. Protein expression levels for cytosolic NF-κB (A), nuclear NF-κB (B), p-JNK (C) and p-STAT1 (D) was evaluated using WB. Relative to LPS treated and scrambled transfected group, cofilin knockdown reduced nuclear translocation of NF-κB significantly (B). STAT1 activation was also significantly reduced by cofilin knockdown (D). However, no significant effect for cofilin knockdown on JNK activation (C) and cytosolic NF-κB expression (A) was detected. Data are expressed as mean±SEM of three independent experiments. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 relative to scrambled siRNA group without LPS treatment. ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 relative to scrambled transfected and LPS treated group. ns: non-significant.