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. 2017 Aug 14;11:239. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00239

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Copyright © 2017 Bitzenhofer, Ahlbeck and Hanganu-Opatz.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Optogenetic control of action potential firing in neonatal brain slices in vitro. (A) Diagram illustrating combined light stimulation and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from layer II/III pyramidal neurons in coronal slices of P8–10 mice transfected with channelrhodopsin 2 double mutant E123T T159C (ChR2(ET/TC)) by IUE at E15.5. (B) Voltage responses of a ChR2(ET/TC)-transfected neuron to hyper- and depolarizing current pulses. (C) Voltage responses of a ChR2(ET/TC)-transfected neuron to blue light pulses (473 nm, 5.2 mW/mm²) of 2–500 ms duration. (D) Voltage responses of a ChR2(ET/TC)-transfected neuron to repetitive trains of 3 ms-long light pulses at different frequencies.