Figure 8. Nuclear export and cytoplasmic maturation of 60S subunits.

66S pre-ribosomes that are exported from the nucleoplasm to the cytoplasm are bound to multiple AFs, which facilitate their transport through the NPC. The cytoplasmic maturation pathway of 60S subunit maturation prior to entering translation is shown. AFs with known binding sites on pre-ribosomes are indicated. AFs that function in the nucleus are shuttled back after release from cytoplasmic assembly intermediates.