TABLE 1.

Characteristics of Live Births and Stillbirths by Maternal Fertility Exposure Status

Characteristics	ARTa Exposed n=17,829		Subfertile n=9431		Fertile N=445,080
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Mother
Age (years)
<25	58	0.3	152	1.7	104,129	23.4
25–29	1496	8.4	1005	10.7	112,192	25.2
30–34	5821	32.6	3309	35.1	135,705	30.5
35–39	6898	38.7	3614	38.3	76,844	17.3
≥ 40	3555	19.9	1351	14.3	16,200	3.6
Race/Ethnicity
White, Non-Hispanic	15,159	85.0	7958	84.4	294,482	66.2
Black, Non-Hispanic	582	3.3	315	3.3	40,495	9.1
Hispanic	632	3.6	403	4.3	66,162	14.9
Asian/Pacific Islander	1248	7.0	642	6.8	33,942	7.6
Other	184	1.0	107	1.1	9586	2.2
Education
High school or less	1636	9.2	1117	11.9	167,654	37.8
Some college/Associate	2832	15.9	1638	17.4	95,265	21.5
Bachelor degree or higher	13,314	74.9	6659	70.7	180,277	40.7
Insurance status at delivery
Private	16,910	94.8	8505	90.2	251,868	56.6
Public	586	3.3	764	8.1	186,505	41.9
Self-pay	283	1.6	134	1.4	4145	0.9
Free care	50	0.3	26	0.3	2544	0.6
Pre-pregnancy smoking	593	3.3	431	4.6	64,114	14.4
Pre-pregnancy diabetes	370	2.1	163	1.7	5477	1.2
Pre-pregnancy hypertension	552	3.1	247	2.6	7530	1.7
Father
Ageb (years)
<35	5396	30.8	3223	35.0	257,932	63.8
35–39	6409	36.6	3465	37.6	93,047	23.0
40–44	3702	21.1	1772	19.2	37,550	9.3
45–49	1367	7.8	551	6.0	11,453	2.8
≥ 50	646	3.7	208	2.3	4,134	1.0
Pregnancy
Parity
No previous births	8852	49.8	3393	36.2	200,265	45.2
1 previous birth	6586	37.1	3807	40.6	151,799	34.2
2 or more previous births	2333	13.1	2177	23.2	91,315	20.6
Plurality
Singleton	10,230	57.4	7812	82.8	432,653	97.2
Twins	7185	40.3	1380	14.6	12,191	2.7
Triplets or more	414	2.3	239	2.5	236	0.1
Birth year
2004–2006	6325	35.5	3511	37.2	166,598	37.4
2007–2008	5461	30.6	3004	31.8	143,403	32.2
2009–2010	6043	33.9	2916	30.9	135,079	30.4

Percentages may not add to 100% due to rounding.

^aAssisted reproductive technology.

^bMissing values for paternal age: ART-exposed: 464 (2.6%); Subfertile: 257 (2.7%); ART-unexposed, fertile: 42,471 (9.5%).