Table 2.
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between patient characteristics and the initiation of novel oral anticoagulants in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, from 2009 to 2015
| 2009–2012 (n = 49 662) | 2013–2014 (n = 26 987) | 2015 (n = 12 959) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) (vs. under 45 years) | |||
| 45–54 | 2.07 (1.38, 3.11) | 0.88 (0.75, 1.04) | 0.98 (0.80, 1.20) |
| 55–64 | 2.94 (2.02, 4.26) | 1.03 (0.89, 1.20) | 1.09 (0.90, 1.32) |
| 65–74 | 3.56 (2.48, 5.13) | 1.00 (0.87, 1.15) | 0.97 (0.81, 1.17) |
| 75–84 | 2.61 (1.79, 3.79) | 1.02 (0.89, 1.18) | 1.03 (0.86, 1.23) |
| ≥85 | 3.21 (2.14, 4.81) | 1.44 (1.24, 1.68) | 1.42 (1.17, 1.73) |
| Male (vs. female) | 0.88 (0.77, 1.01) | 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) | 0.95 (0.88, 1.02) |
| Physician visits | 1.01 (1.00, 1.01) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.00) |
| Comorbidities and risk factors | |||
| Congestive heart failure | 0.55 (0.39, 0.77) | 0.83 (0.74, 0.93) | 0.84 (0.73, 0.97) |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.90 (0.71, 1.14) | 0.75 (0.68, 0.83) | 0.80 (0.71, 0.91) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.38 (0.17, 0.86) | 0.64 (0.49, 0.83) | 0.72 (0.53, 0.97) |
| Hypertension | 0.67 (0.57, 0.79) | 1.02 (0.94, 1.11) | 0.99 (0.90, 1.10) |
| Ischaemic stroke/TIA | 1.16 (0.93, 1.46) | 1.51 (1.37, 1.66) | 1.61 (1.40, 1.86) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 0.75 (0.56, 1.01) | 0.85 (0.75, 0.96) | 0.96 (0.83, 1.10) |
| Diabetes | 1.03 (0.84, 1.26) | 0.97 (0.89, 1.05) | 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) |
| Bleeding | 1.13 (0.86, 1.48) | 1.03 (0.91, 1.17) | 0.98 (0.83, 1.16) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 0.98 (0.84, 1.15) | 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) | 1.12 (1.03, 1.22) |
| Cancer | 0.63 (0.46, 0.85) | 1.07 (0.95, 1.21) | 0.97 (0.83, 1.14) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 0.70 (0.52, 0.94) | 0.96 (0.86, 1.07) | 1.01 (0.89, 1.16) |
| Liver disease | 2.45 (0.99, 6.06) | 0.66 (0.35, 1.27) | 0.69 (0.33, 1.45) |
| Obesity | 1.00 (0.83, 1.21) | 0.99 (0.91, 1.07) | 0.91 (0.82, 1.01) |
| Smoking | 1.15 (0.97, 1.36) | 0.97 (0.90, 1.05) | 0.95 (0.87, 1.05) |
| Concomitant medication use a | |||
| Antiplatelets | 0.90 (0.77, 1.05) | 1.02 (0.95, 1.08) | 1.08 (0.99, 1.17) |
| Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs | 2.11 (1.85, 2.42) | 1.12 (1.04, 1.21) | 1.11 (1.00, 1.22) |
TIA, transient ischaemic attack
a
Concomitant use of antihypertensive and lipid‐lowering drugs were included in all models under the hypertension and hyperlipidaemia covariates, respectively