Effects of a single heat stress and/or 1 day of denervation on the protein expression levels in sham‐operated and denervated soleus muscles. The phosphorylated (p) and total (t) levels of Akt, Akt1, Akt2, and S6; the expression level of HSP70 and GAPDH was evaluated by immune blotting. Representative results of immunoblotting are shown in A. The expression level of each protein was calculated after normalization using the expression levels of GAPDH (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N). The phosphorylation rate of the protein was calculated by dividing the expression level of phosphorylated protein by the expression level of total protein (D, G, J, M). The relative values pertaining to the sham‐operated Cont muscles are also shown. Means ± SD (n = 5 per group). H and D: main effect of heat stress and denervation, respectively; H×D: interaction of effects of heat stress and denervation; *: the result of Tukey's multiple comparisons test was P < 0.05. See Figures 2 and 4 for other abbreviations.