Table S1.
Association between presence of AL and medical history of 22 disease categories
| Explanatory variable | Unadjusted
|
Adjusteda
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 0.38 (0.34–0.42) | <0.0001 | 0.59 (0.52–0.67) | <0.0001 |
| Male | Reference | Reference | ||
| Age (10-year age increase) | 1.95 (1.87–2.03) | <0.0001 | 1.99 (1.90–2.09) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (1 kg/m2 increase) | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.0006 | 0.96 (0.95–0.98) | <0.0001 |
| Smoking history (pack-years) | ||||
| 0–14 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 15–24 | 1.81 (1.52–2.16) | <0.0001 | 1.78 (1.46–2.17) | <0.0001 |
| 25–49 | 3.60 (3.20–4.06) | <0.0001 | 2.60 (2.24–3.00) | <0.0001 |
| ≥50 | 6.88 (6.04–7.84) | <0.0001 | 3.69 (3.15–4.33) | <0.0001 |
| Unknown | 2.57 (1.75–3.77) | <0.0001 | 1.92 (1.28–2.88) | 0.0017 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Pulmonary tuberculosis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 2.82 (2.35–3.38) | <0.0001 | 1.72 (1.39–2.11) | <0.0001 |
| Malignant neoplasm | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.20 (1.10–1.32) | <0.0001 | 0.91 (0.82–1.01) | 0.0700 |
| Cancer of oropharynx and trachea | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.66 (1.32–2.09) | <0.0001 | 1.08 (0.84–1.40) | 0.5380 |
| Primary lung cancer | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 2.85 (2.47–3.28) | <0.0001 | 1.50 (1.28–1.77) | <0.0001 |
| Thyroid disease | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.69 (0.61–0.79) | <0.0001 | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) | 0.8025 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.23 (1.13–1.35) | <0.0001 | 0.91 (0.82–1.00) | 0.0600 |
| Hyperlipidemia | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.53 (1.35–1.75) | <0.0001 | 1.11 (0.96–1.29) | 0.1446 |
| Major depressive disorder | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.91 (0.59–1.41) | 0.6701 | 0.81 (0.51–1.29) | 0.3754 |
| Essential hypertension | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.82 (1.63–2.05) | <0.0001 | 1.1 (0.96–1.25) | 0.1597 |
| Myocardial infarction | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 2.02 (1.70–2.40) | <0.0001 | 1.22 (1.01–1.48) | 0.0399 |
| Other heart diseases | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 2.04 (1.80–2.31) | <0.0001 | 1.36 (1.18–1.56) | <0.0001 |
| Arteriosclerosis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.45 (1.23–1.70) | <0.0001 | 1.08 (0.90–1.30) | 0.3945 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.47 (1.26–1.70) | <0.0001 | 0.94 (0.79–1.11) | 0.4517 |
| Cerebral infraction and TIA | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.59 (1.35–1.87) | <0.0001 | 0.96 (0.80–1.15) | 0.6542 |
| Arterial thrombosis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.54 (1.35–1.76) | <0.0001 | 1.12 (0.97–1.30) | 0.1291 |
| Acute bronchitis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.21 (0.89–1.65) | 0.2187 | 1.1 (0.76–1.55) | 0.5769 |
| Pneumonia | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.64 (1.40–1.90) | <0.0001 | 1.15 (0.96–1.37) | 0.1254 |
| Liver disease | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.22 (1.09–1.36) | 0.0003 | 0.98 (0.87–1.10) | 0.7210 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.84 (0.69–1.02) | 0.0863 | 0.94 (0.76–1.17) | 0.6052 |
| Gout | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.57 (1.02–2.41) | 0.0392 | 1.04 (0.63–1.71) | 0.8830 |
| Osteoporosis | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.93 (0.73–1.19) | 0.5628 | 0.97 (0.74–1.26) | 0.8073 |
| Kidney disease | ||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 1.25 (1.11–1.40) | 0.0001 | 1.01 (0.89–1.14) | 0.9361 |
Note:
a
Model was adjusted for age, sex, BMI and smoking history.
Abbreviations: AL, airflow limitation; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; TIA, transient cerebral ischemic attack.