Table 1. Average ratio of new chemical entities (NCE) registration fees to billions of US dollars in gross domestic product (GDP) and total health expenditure, by region, with and without population weights.
| Average Ratio: NCE fee / US$US-billions of GDP | Population-weighted Average Ratio: NCE fee /US$US-billions of GDP | Average Ratio: NCE fee / US-billions of total health expenditure | Population-weighted Average Ratio: NCE fee / US-billions of total health expenditure | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | 28.3 | 14.1 | 453.7 | 263.5 |
| Arab States | 12.1 | 6.4 | 189.5 | 112.0 |
| Asia & Pacific | 43.4 | 6.5 | 525.9 | 90.1 |
| Commonwealth of Independent States | 26.8 | 8.7 | 443.3 | 141.4 |
| European Medicines Agency (EMA)* | 18.6 | 18.6 | 199.6 | 199.6 |
| Europe* | 127.5 | 30.7 | 1,638.3 | 368.1 |
| North America | 126.6 | 116.7 | 1,159.6 | 883.9 |
| South and Central America | 7.9 | 12.1 | 115.7 | 160.2 |
* EMA figure represents the registration fee for EMA, divided by the entire population of member states. European region figures reflect the average of those countries for which national registration fees were available.