Table 2.
Loss to Follow-up in the First Year Postpartum Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Women With a Live Birth Who Were Diagnosed During Pregnancy and Linked to Care Before Delivery
| Characteristic | Total (N=198) | Lost to Follow-up | RR (95% CI)* | Adjusted
RR (95% CI)*† |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Yes (n=60) | No (n=138 [70]) | ||||
| Race–ethnicity | |||||
| Black | 121 (61) | 38 (31) | 83 (69) | Referent | Referent |
| White | 12 (6) | 6 (50) | 6 (50) | 1.59 (0.85–2.97) | 1.91 (1.08–3.40)‡ |
| Hispanic | 51 (26) | 11 (22) | 40 (78) | 0.69 (0.38–1.23) | 0.79 (0.44–1.40) |
| Other or unknown | 14 (7) | 5 (36) | 9 (64) | 1.14 (0.54–2.41) | 1.22 (0.59–2.54) |
| HIV transmission risk | |||||
| Heterosexual | 194 (98) | 60 (31) | 134 (69) | Referent | NA |
| IDU | 4 (—) | 0 | 4 (100) | NA | NA |
| Concurrent HIV and AIDS diagnosis | |||||
| No | 175 (88) | 56 (32) | 119 (68) | Referent | Referent |
| Yes | 23 (12) | 4 (17) | 19 (83) | 0.54 (0.22–1.36) | 0.45 (0.20–1.00) |
| Trimester of HIV diagnosis | |||||
| 1st | 103 (52) | 26 (25) | 77 (75) | Referent | Referent |
| 2nd | 64 (32) | 17 (27) | 47 (73) | 1.05 (0.62–1.78) | 1.05 (0.62–1.77) |
| 3rd | 31 (16) | 17 (55) | 14 (45) | 2.17 (1.37–3.44)‡ | 2.21 (1.41–3.45)‡ |
| Delivery type | |||||
| Vaginal | 81 (41) | 16 (20) | 65 (80) | Referent | Referent |
| Cesarean | 117 (59) | 44 (38) | 73 (62) | 1.90 (1.16–3.13)‡ | 1.76 (1.07–2.91)‡ |
| CD4 count/mm3 at delivery§ | |||||
| 0–350 | 47 (24) | 13 (28) | 34 (72) | 0.89 (0.53–1.49) | NA |
| 350 or more | 151 (76) | 47 (31) | 104 (69) | Referent | NA |
| Viral load at delivery§ | |||||
| Suppressed | 144 (77) | 36 (25) | 108 (75) | Referent | NA |
| Not suppressed | 42 (23) | 20 (48) | 22 (52) | 1.90 (1.25–2.91)‡ | NA |
| Missing or unknown | 12 (—) | 4 (—) | 8 (—) | ||
| Low-birth-weight neonate | |||||
| Yes | 32 (16) | 8 (25) | 24 (75) | 0.80 (0.42–1.53) | NA |
| No | 164 (84) | 51 (31) | 113 (69) | Referent | NA |
| Unknown | 2 (—) | 1 (—) | 1 (—) | ||
| Neonate’s HIV infection status | |||||
| Infected | 3 (—) | 0 | 3 (100) | NA | NA |
| Uninfected | 180 (98) | 51 (28) | 129 (72) | Referent | NA |
| Unknown | 15 (—) | 9 (—) | 6 (—) | ||
RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IDU, intravenous drug user; AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; NA, not applicable.
Data are n (%) unless otherwise specified.
RR of being lost to follow-up compared with referent.
Parsimonious model shown. Variables considered in model selection were: residence at diagnosis, race–ethnicity, age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, percent below poverty, concurrent HIV and AIDS diagnosis, trimester of diagnosis, delivery type, number of previous live births, viral load at delivery, low birth weight.
Statistically significant RR, CI does not include 1.
Test closest to but preceding delivery.