Table 4.

Patients characteristics depending on their survival status

		Survivors n = 172a	Dead n = 21a	P value
Age (median [Q1–Q3])b		66.5 [49–81]	66 [57–83]	0.46
Sex (men; n, %)		91 (53)	13 (62)	0.49
Initial symptoms suggesting UGB, n (%)	Hematemesis	90 (52)	13 (62)	0.87
	Melena	67 (39)	8 (38)
	Hematochezia	8 (5)	0 (0)
	Other	7 (4)	0 (0)
Medical history and medication, n (%)c		n = 144	n = 18
Known cirrhosis		28 (19)	7 (39)	0.071
Known ulcer		35 (24)	3 (17)	0.57
Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs		54 (38)	8 (44)	0.61
Antithrombotic agents		58 (40)	4 (22)	0.20
Comorbidity		12 (8)	0 (0)	0.36
Exteriorized bleeding in the ED, n (%)d		85 (50)	16 (76)	0.035
Clinical features of severity, n (%)e		n = 167	n = 20
Heart rate > 100 bpm		39 (23)	8 (40)	0.11
Systolic arterial pressure < 90 mmHg		26 (16)	9 (45)	0.004
Marbling		5 (3)	3 (15)	0.042
Altered mental status		4 (2)	5 (25)	0.0008
Hemoglobin level n (%)f	< 7 g/dL	34 (20)	5 (24)	0.55
Upper endoscopy in ED, n (%)g		39 (25)	5 (31)	0.57
Hemostatic procedureh		11 (7)	1 (7)	1.00
Treatments in ED, n (%)		n = 172	n = 21
Nasogastric tube		18 (10)	1 (5)	0.70
Fluid administration		58 (34)	8 (38)	0.81
Transfusion		60 (35)	12 (57)	0.057
Proton pump inhibitors		125 (73)	14 (67)	0.61
Vasopressors		25 (15)	10 (48)	0.0009
Catecholamines		1 (1)	3 (14)	0.004
Antibioticsg (excluding erythromycin)		7 (5)	1 (6)	0.56
Vitamin K antagonist reversal		16 (9)	3 (14)	0.44
Erythromycin		15 (9)	2 (10)	1.00
Final diagnosis, n (%)i (hospitalized patients)	Ulcer	41 (29)	3 (19)	0.31
	Gastritis	15 (11)	1 (6)
	Variceal bleeding	23 (17)	7 (44)
	Esophagitis	12 (9)	0 (0)
	Mallory-Weiss tear	7 (5)	0 (0)
	Cancer	10 (7)	2 (13)
	Lower GI bleeding	8 (6)	1 (6)
	None	23 (17)	2 (13)

^a1 missing data

^bfor 192 of 193 patients

^cfor 162 of 193 patients

^d for 191 of 193 patients

^efor 187 of 193 patients

^ffor 188 of 193 patients

^gfor 169 of 193 patients

^hfor 167 of 193 patients

ⁱfor 155 of 193 patients