Table 3.
Hazard ratios for the association between changes in proteinuria and myocardial infarction, after excluding the population with estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 30 ml/min/1.73 m2
| No proteinuria | Remittent proteinuria | Incident proteinuria | Persistent proteinuria | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants | ||||
| Model 1 | Reference | 0.94 (0.39–2.29) | 1.74 (1.18–2.58) | 4.35 (2.72–6.97) |
| Model 2 | Reference | 0.92 (0.38–2.23) | 1.57 (1.06–2.34) | 3.79 (2.37–6.06) |
| Model 3 | Reference | 0.90 (0.37–2.20) | 1.54 (1.04–2.29) | 3.66 (2.28–5.87) |
| Model 4 | Reference | 0.84 (0.34–2.07) | 1.30 (0.85–1.98) | 2.49 (1.47–4.20) |
| Diabetes$ | ||||
| Model 4 | Reference | 0.70 (0.17–2.87) | 1.60 (0.93–2.75) | 2.25 (1.10–4.59) |
| Prediabetes | ||||
| Model 4 | Reference | 0.92 (0.28–3.01) | 0.88 (0.45–1.74) | 3.28 (1.51–7.14) |
Proteinuria was defined as 1+, 2+ and 3+
Model 1: unadjusted
Model 2: adjusted for age and gender
Model 3: adjusted for age, gender, level of education, income, smoking, alcohol abuse, amount of physical activity and body mass index
Model 4: adjusted for variables in model 3 plus hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, anti-hypertension agents, anti-diabetic agents, anti-lipidemic agents, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose and estimated glomerular filtration rate
$ P for interaction is 0.3363