Figure 2.
Serum profile of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of the endemic form (fogo selvagem) of pemphigus foliaceus. Levels of (A) IFN-γ, (B) IL-17, (C) IL-6, (D) IL-23, (E) IL-5, (F) IL-10, (G) IL-22, (H) IL-2, (I) TNF-α, (J) IL-12, (K) IL-15, (L) IL-33, (M) CXCL-8/IL-8, (N) CCL-2/MCP-1, (O) CCL-5/RANTES, (P) CCL-11/eotaxin-1, and (Q) CXCL-10/IP-10 from healthy donors (controls) and untreated patients with the endemic form (fogo selvagem) of pemphigus foliaceus (no treatment). Lines represent median. *p < 0.05, Mann–Whitney test. (R) Radar plot representation of serum cytokine and chemokine profile. Lines highlight the fold change in cytokine levels in pemphigus foliaceus patients (gray line) in relation to healthy donors (black line). Data were obtained by calculating the ratio between the median concentration of each cytokine in the pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) group and in the healthy group.