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. 2017 Aug 15;7:8246. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08597-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Citrullination inhibits integrin binding to isoDGR in fibronectin N-terminus and to GAOGER in collagen. (a) The binding of integrin αVβ3 ectodomain to citrullinated or control fibronectin N-terminal 30 kDa fragment. P-value between fibronectin (n = 3) and citrullinated fibronectin (n = 5) was calculated with two-tailed Student’s t-test from the mean values of three individual experiment normalized by background signal (BSA). Error bars show SEM. (b) Attachment and spreading of fibroblast like synoviocytes to PAD2-treated fibronectin N-terminal 30 kDa fragment real-time monitored by xCELLigence technology. BSA was the background control. Values are means ± SD of 3 parallel measurements from a single experiment. (c) Attachment and spreading of fibroblast like synoviocytes to PAD4-treated, control-treated (no enzyme) and PAD4 with inhibitor (Cl-amidine) –treated fibronectin N-terminal 30 kDa fragment real-time monitored by xCELLigence technology. BSA was the background control. Values are means ± SD of 3 parallel measurements from a single experiment. (d) Attachment and spreading of fibroblast like synoviocytes to PAD2-treated GAOGER assayed as above. (e) Attachment and spreading of fibroblast like synoviocytes to PAD4-treated fibrinogen assayed as above. Values are means ± SD of 3 parallel measurements from a single experiment.