FIGURE 9.

Effects of Ca²⁺, H₂O₂, SNP, eATP, and pharmacological agents on expression of GuAHA (PM H⁺-ATPase) and GuSOS1 (salt overly sensitive 1 Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter) in G. uralensis roots under salt stress. Roots were exposed for 24 h to 0 or 100 mM NaCl, supplemented with or without CaCl₂ (10 mM), H₂O₂ (10 mM), SNP (a NO donor, 100 μM), or ATP-Na₂ (300 μM). Then, control and NaCl-stressed roots were treated with LaCl₃ (5 mM), DMTU (5 mM), cPTIO (300 μM), or PPADS (300 μM) for 30 min. Quantitative RT-PCR results show the relative transcript abundance of GuAHA and GuSOS1. GuActin2 served as the internal control for expression normalization. Forward and reverse primers for all tested genes are listed in Supplementary Table 1. Bars (±SD) represent the means of three to five individual plants; letters (a, b, c, and d) indicate significant differences between treatments (P < 0.05).