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Pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion of GEN2.2 cells exposed to AMA. Cells were stimulated with AMA (0.5 μg/ml) and CpG-A (1 μM) separately and in combination. After 6 h cell culture supernatants were collected and the levels of IL-6 (A), TNF-alpha (B) and IL-8 (C) proteins were assessed by ELISA. Data are presented as means ± SD of four independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001 vs. control, #p < 0.05, ###p < 0.001 vs. CpG-A. AMA: Antimycin-A.
