Table 2. . K+ channel genes that are altered by chronic alcohol drinking or alcohol dependence in brain from human alcoholics or animal models.
| Gene | Species | Diagnosis or preclinical model | Region | Direction of change | PubMed ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
KCNB1 |
Human |
Alcohol abusers |
Hippocampus |
↑ |
26041984 |
|
Kcnb1 |
Mouse |
Chronic intermittent alcohol in BXD recombinant inbred strains |
Prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens |
NR |
27838001, 27432260 |
|
KCNB1/2 |
Human |
DSM-IV for alcohol abuse |
Superior frontal gyrus |
NR |
25450227 |
|
KCND2 |
Human |
DSM-IV for alcohol abuse |
Amygdala, frontal cortex |
↓ |
22302827 |
|
Kcnd2 |
Mouse |
Chronic intermittent alcohol in BXD recombinant inbred strains |
Prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens |
NR |
27838001, 27432260 |
|
KCNJ10 |
Human |
Alcoholics (>80 g alcohol/day) |
Superior frontal cortex |
↓ |
11141048 |
|
KCNJ10 |
Human |
Alcoholics (>0.50 g alcohol/day) |
Hippocampus |
↓ |
23981442 |
|
KCNMA1 |
Human |
DSM-IV for alcohol abuse |
Frontal cortex |
↓ |
22302827 |
|
Kcnma1 |
Mouse |
Chronic intermittent alcohol in BXD recombinant inbred strains |
Prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens |
NR |
27838001, 27432260 |
|
KCNQ2 |
Human |
Alcoholics (>100 g alcohol/day) |
Amygdala |
↑ |
20153402 |
|
Kcnq2 |
Mouse |
Continuous alcohol access |
Amygdala (synaptoneurosomes) |
↓ |
25135349 |
|
Kcnq2 |
Mouse |
Chronic intermittent alcohol |
Prefrontal cortex |
↑ |
25803291 |
|
Kcnq2 |
Mouse |
High drinking/low withdrawal and low drinking/high withdrawal mouse lines |
Ventral striatum |
NR |
25581648 |
|
Kcnq2 |
Mouse |
High and low alcohol drinking mouse strains |
Whole brain |
↑ |
16618939 |
|
KCNQ2/3 |
Human |
DSM-IV for alcohol abuse |
Frontal cortex |
↑ |
22302827 |
|
Kcnq3 |
Rat |
Continuous alcohol access & alcohol self-administration |
Nucleus accumbens core |
↓ |
19666046, 18405950 |
|
Kcnq5 |
Mouse |
Chronic intermittent alcohol in BXD recombinant inbred strains |
Prefrontal cortex |
NR |
27838001, 27432260 |
|
Kcnq5 |
Rat |
Continuous alcohol access |
Dorsal hippocampus |
↑ |
12462420 |
| Kcnq5 | Rat | High and low alcohol drinking rat lines | Whole genome | NR | 27490364 |
NR: Not reported; PMID: PubMed identification number.