Table 1.
Overall SAF by gender in 2010
| SAF (%)*† |
||
|---|---|---|
| Disease cause | Male | Female |
| Mouth cancer | 0.47 | 0.34 |
| Oesophagus cancer | 0.47 | 0.48 |
| Lung cancer | 0.87 | 0.71 |
| Larynx cancer | 0.69 | 0.66 |
| Pancreas cancer | 0.20 | 0.21 |
| Bladder cancer | 0.36 | 0.41 |
| Kidney cancer | 0.45 | 0.41 |
| Stomach cancer | 0.19 | 0.12 |
| Uterus cancer | N.A. | −0.24 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 0.16 | 0.02 |
| Stroke | 0.13 | 0.01 |
| COPD | 0.53 | 0.67 |
| Parkinson’s disease | −0.13 | −0.01 |
| Lower respiratory tract infection | 0.05 | 0.01 |
| Low birth weight | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Fire injuries | 0.23 | 0 |
*The SAF figure takes into account passive smoking.
†SAF figures for three other diseases—otitis media, asthma and age-related macular degeneration—were provided. SAF for otitis media and asthma was 0 across all age groups in Singapore's context and there were no deaths due to age-related macular degeneration in Singapore, so the SAF for these two diseases were not included in the table.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases; SAF, smoking-attributable fraction.