Table 3.
Stress Management Techniques.
| Variable | Total Baseline (N = 61) n (%) |
Gabby Baseline (N = 31) n (%) |
Gabby Follow- up (N = 28) n (%) |
Control Baseline (N = 30) n (%) |
Control Follow- up (N = 29) n (%) |
p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adaptive coping | ||||||
| Deep breathing/meditation | 37 (61) | 20 (65) | 21 (75) | 17 (57) | 23 (79) | 0.35 |
| Exercise | 42 (69) | 19 (61) | 20 (71) | 23 (77) | 24 (83) | 0.51 |
| Eat | 32 (52) | 17 (55) | 8 (29) | 15 (50) | 11 (38) | 0.12 |
| Listen to music | 43 (70) | 21 (68) | 19 (68) | 22 (73) | 20 (69) | 0.81 |
| Pray | 30 (49) | 13 (42) | 10 (36) | 17 (57) | 14 (48) | 1 |
| Spend time with friends | 40 (66) | 22 (71) | 17 (61) | 18 (60) | 15 (52) | 0.49 |
| Go shopping | 27 (44) | 14 (45) | 7 (25) | 13 (43) | 10 (34) | 0.89 |
| Play video games | 4 (7) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | 3 (10) | c |
| Go for a walk | 34 (56) | 18 (58) | 19 (68) | 16 (53) | 18 (62) | 0.72 |
| Watch TV | 38 (62) | 19 (61) | 14 (50) | 19 (63) | 21 (72) | 0.19 |
| Otherb | 16 (26) | 9 (29) | 5 (18) | 7 (23) | 6 (21) | 0.6 |
| Maladaptive coping | ||||||
| Drink alcohol | 41 (67) | 11 (35) | 4 (14) | 9 (30) | 9 (31) | 0.03 |
| Smoke cigarettes | 3 (5) | 2 (6) | 1 (4) | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | c |
| Smoke marijuana | 2 (7) | 2 (6) | 5 (18) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | c |
| How many times did you do stress management techniques in the past week? | μ = 2 (σ = 2.3) | μ = 1 (σ = 2) | μ = 4 (σ = 3) | μ = 2 (σ = 2.6) | μ = 3 (σ = 3.3) | 0.17 |
| (0–10 scale) | ||||||
| Perceived Stress Score (0–4 scale) | μ = 18 (σ = 3.6) | μ = 17 (σ = 3.7) | μ = 20 (σ = 3.1) | μ = 18 (σ = 3.5) | μ = 19 (σ = 3.1) | 0.07 |
a
Dichotomous variables were analyzed using two group McNemar tests of differential change for intervention and control groups. Continuous variables were analyzed using two-sample t-tests.
b
Includes traveling, drawing, sleeping, reading, family time, thinking and counseling.
c
No statistics were computed because there were zero participants in at least one group changed from baseline to follow-up.