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. 2017 May 27;79(7):1182–1190. doi: 10.1292/jvms.17-0084

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©2017 The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License. (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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Fig. 1. — Effects of pentosan polysulfate (PPS) sodium and polysulfated glycosaminoglycan (PSGAG) on chondrogenesis of canine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cBMSC) in alginate beads. Chondrogenic differentiation medium (CDM) (A10071-01) was supplemented with either PPS or PSGAG at 0 (PC), 1, 3 and 5 µg/ml. Chondrogenic phenotype gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR targeting chondrocyte-specific genes; type II collagen and aggrecan, dedifferentiation and hypertrophy genes; type I collagen and X collagen, respectively, and hypoxia inducible factor-2α subunit (HIF-2α). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as reference gene. Control (CTL) groups were; negative control (NC); 10% DMEM, and positive control (PC); CDM. Data represent the mean ± 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 6 independent experiments (n=6). Significant difference was defined as *P<0.05.