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. 2017 Aug 15;5:47. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00047

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Copyright © 2017 Khairul Ikram, Beyraghdar Kashkooli, Peramuna, van der Krol, Bouwmeester and Simonsen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic representation of the engineered artemisinin biosynthetic pathway in Physcomitrella patens. The five genes that encode the dihydroartemisinic acid biosynthetic pathway are ADS, amorphadiene synthase; CYP71AV1, amorphadiene oxidase; ADH1, alcohol dehydrogenase 1; DBR2, artemisinic aldehyde double-bond reductase; ALDH1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1. The numbers 1–3 indicates transformation sets.