Table 1.

The evidence that cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) plays an important role in cocaine reward.

Species	Methods	Results	Mechanisms	References
Rat	Cocaine administration	CART expression ↑ in brain regions associated with reward	cAMP/PKA/CREB	Lakatos et al. (2002) and Cho et al. (2017)
Rat	Intra-NAc CART	Locomotor activity ↓	Inhibits the influx of Ca2+	Jaworski et al. (2003) and Peng et al. (2014)
Rat	Intra-NAc CART	Self-administration ↓	Ca2+/CaMKII, D3R	Jaworski et al. (2003) and Jaworski et al. (2008)
Rat	Intra-paraventricular thalamus CART	Cocaine-seeking behavior ↓	Unclear	James et al. (2010)
Monkey	Cocaine administration	CART expression ↑ in brain regions associated with reward	cAMP/PKA/CREB	Nader et al. (2002)
Human	Genetic studies	Contributed to the etiology of cocaine dependence	Unclear	Lohoff et al. (2008)