Table 3.
Colonic pH values, ammonia concentration and fermentation products for Days 4 and 8 post-inoculation (PI).
| Treatmentsa |
P-value |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days PI | CN | CP | NN | NP | RSDb | Challenge | Probiotic | Interaction | |
| Ileum | |||||||||
| pH | 4 | 6.85 | 6.76 | 6.56 | 6.80 | 0.539 | 0.608 | 0.751 | 0.515 |
| 8 | 6.83 | 6.76 | 6.66 | 6.28 | 0.409 | 0.099 | 0.239 | 0.419 | |
| NH3 (mmol/L) | 4 | 4.47 | 2.37 | 2.95 | 5.13 | 1.77 | 0.455 | 0.961 | 0.016 |
| 8 | 0.81 | 0.71 | 1.09 | 0.74 | 0.648 | 0.581 | 0.425 | 0.651 | |
| Acetic acid (mmol/kg) | 4 | 2.58 | 5.06 | 3.03 | 3.95 | 4.280 | 0.887 | 0.403 | 0.706 |
| 8 | 2.73 | 3.89 | 1.60 | 6.15 | 2.210 | 0.568 | 0.008 | 0.097 | |
| Lactic acid (mmol/kg) | 4 | 19.8 | 37.0 | 54.4 | 58.6 | 34.74 | 0.096 | 0.515 | 0.691 |
| 8 | 49.1 | 45.7 | 22.6 | 43.1 | 36.72 | 0.376 | 0.602 | 0.466 | |
| Colon | |||||||||
| pH | 4 | 6.19 | 6.07 | 5.77 | 6.03 | 0.476 | 0.275 | 0.758 | 0.379 |
| 8 | 6.14 | 5.96 | 5.82 | 6.11 | 0.254 | 0.473 | 0.626 | 0.058 | |
| NH3 (mmol/L) | 4 | 6.59 | 5.71 | 4.89 | 5.62 | 4.398 | 0.643 | 0.967 | 0.678 |
| 8 | 7.82 | 5.38 | 5.54 | 4.11 | 2.370 | 0.104 | 0.078 | 0.635 | |
| SCFAc (mmol/kg) | 4 | 98.4 | 94.1 | 136.2 | 138.5 | 39.42 | 0.030 | 0.957 | 0.853 |
| 8 | 115.0 | 140.7 | 140.3 | 123.0 | 24.27 | 0.724 | 0.695 | 0.057 | |
| Lactic acid (mmol/kg) | 4 | 1.00 | 4.82 | 5.10 | 8.43 | 5.644 | 0.141 | 0.170 | 0.923 |
| 8 | 0.84 | 1.01 | 12.07 | 8.07 | 4.699 | <0.001 | 0.363 | 0.324 | |
aTreatments: CN, challenged + no probiotic; CP, challenged + probiotic; NN, no challenge + no probiotic; NP, no challenge + probiotic. bResidual Standard Deviation. n = 8 for groups CN and CP, n = 4 for groups NN and NP. cSCFA include acetic, propionic butyric, valeric and branched-chain fatty acids.