Table 2.

Characteristics of included studies

(A) Study	Country	No. of patients	Study population	Timing of blood sampling	Reference test	I-FABP measurement	Prevalence AMI (%)
I-FABP studies
Block et al. [37]	Sweden	71	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy, histopathology, autopsy, clinical evaluation, radiological findings	ELISA (Hycult Biotechnology b.c., Uden, The Netherlands)	14.1
Cronk et al. [40]	USA	21	Mechanical bowel obstruction	At presentation	Laparotomy	ELISA (Hycult Biotechnology b.c., Uden, The Netherlands)	14.3
Güzel et al. [41]	Turkey	57	Acute abdomen	NR	Laparotomy and histopathology	ELISA (Hycult Biotechnology b.c., Uden, The Netherlands)	47.4
Kanda et al. [42]	Japan	361	Acute abdomen	Within 24 h after presentation	Laparotomy	ELISA, rabbit and mice anti-human I-FABP polyclonal antibodies	14.4
Kittaka et al. [43]	Japan	37	Small bowel obstruction	At presentation	Laparotomy	ELISA, rabbit and mice anti-human I-FABP polyclonal antibodies	45.9
Matsumoto et al. [44]	Japan	146	Acute abdomen	Directly after initial assessment	Laparotomy, autopsy, clinical evaluation	Recombinant I-FABP assay (Sumitomo Pharma Biomedical Centre, Osaka, Japan)	16.4
Matsumoto et al. [45]	Japan	48	Pneumatosis intestinalis	At presentation	Laparotomy	Osaka	39.0
Shi et al. [38]	China	272	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy, autopsy, CT scanning, colonoscopy	Standard ELISA kits NOS	14.3
Thuijls et al. [46]	The Netherlands	50	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy/autopsy with PA, consensus	ELISA (Hycult Biotechnology b.c., Uden, The Netherlands)	47.8
Uzun et al. [47]	Turkey	171	Acute abdomen	At presentation	NR	ELISA (Hycult Biotechnology b.c., Uden, The Netherlands)	4.1
Vermeulen Windsant et al. [48]	The Netherlands	96	Major aortic surgery	At 7 time points peri-operatively	Laparotomy	ELISA (Hycult Biotechnology b.c., Uden, The Netherlands)	4.2
Kanda et al. [15]	Japan	61	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy	ELISA (Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan)	21.3
van der Voort et al. [39]	The Netherlands	44	ICU patients	When AMI was considered in the diagnostic work up	Laparotomy, histopathology, endoscopy, CT scan	ELISA (Hycult Biotechnology b.c., Uden, The Netherlands)	52

(B) Study	Country	No. of patients	Study population	Timing of blood sampling	Reference test	Biomarker measurement	Prevalence AMI (%)
d-Lactate studies
Block et al. [37]	Sweden	71	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy, histopathology, autopsy, clinical evaluation, radiological findings	Spectrophotometry using R-BIOPHARM AG, Darmstadt, Germany)	14.1
Assadian et al. [51]	Austria	12	Open aortic reconstruction	At 4 time points peri-operatively	Histopathology (biopsy during sigmoidoscopy)	Enzymatic reactions using d-Lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase	25
Shi et al. [38]	China	272	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy, autopsy, CT scanning, colonoscopy	Standard ELISA kits	14.3
Murray et al. [53]	USA	31	Acute abdomen scheduled for surgery	Preoperative	Laparotomy	Spectrophotometrically	29.0
Poeze et al. [21]	The Netherlands	24	Major emergency aortic surgery	Postoperatively at admission ICU	Colonoscopy	Enzymatic reactions using d-Lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase	45.8
van der Voort et al. [39]	The Netherlands	44	ICU patients	When AMI was considered in the diagnostic work up	Laparotomy, histopathology, endoscopy, CT scan	Spectrophotometrically	52
α-GST studies
Block et al. [37]	Sweden	71	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy, histopathology, autopsy, clinical evaluation, radiological findings	ELISA IHEPKIT, Biotrin International, Dublin, Ireland)	14.1
Gearhart et al. [55]	USA	54	Patients with clinical suspicion for AMI	At presentation	Colonoscopy, angiography, laparotomy, autopsy	ELISA IHEPKIT, Biotrin International, Dublin, Ireland)	53.7
Delaney et al. [54]	Ireland	26	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Autopsy, laparotomy, other definitive investigation, return to full health	ELISA IHEPKIT, Biotrin International, Dublin, Ireland)	46.2
IMA studies
Gunduz et al. [56]	Turkey	14	Thromboembolic occlusion SMA	On admission	Laparotomy	Cobalt–Albumin-binding assay (zie references #10)	50.0
Polk et al. [57]	Sweden	26	Possible AMI scheduled for laparotomy	Within 1 h preoperatively	Laparotomy	Cobalt–Albumin-binding assay (zie references #3)	46.2
Citrulline studies
Kulu et al. [58]	Turkey	48	Acute abdomen	At presentation	Laparotomy	Amino Acids LC–MS/MS analysis Kit, Zivak Technologies, Turkey	47.9

NR not reported, ICU intensive care unit, NOS not otherwise specified, AMI acute mesenteric ischemia