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. 2017 Aug 16;7:8486. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08459-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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In vitro sex differences in the dendritic morphology hippocampal neurons are primarily due to differences in the number of non-primary dendrites. Male vs. female neuron-glia co-cultures were established from P0 hippocampi, transfected with MAP2B-GFP plasmid on day in vitro (DIV) 6 and fixed on DIV 9. Dendritic morphology was assessed by quantifying: (a) the number of primary dendrites; (b) the summed length of primary dendrites; (c) the mean length of primary dendrites; (d) the number of non-primary dendrites; (e) the summed length of non-primary dendrites; and (f) the mean length of non-primary dendrites. In the box plots, “+” indicates the mean; whiskers, the 10–90^th percentile (n = 76–101 neurons per sex from at least five independent dissections). Significant differences were determined using Student’s T-test for parametric data (e) and Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric data (a,b,c,d,f). Asterisk indicates a significant difference between groups at p ≤ 0.05.