Table 4.

Linear forms for the seven isothermal adsorption models.

Name	Linear-form expression
Langmuir	$\frac{1}{{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}=\frac{1}{k{C}_{\text{eq}}}+\frac{1}{\alpha }$
Freundlich,	ln θeq = ln KF + α ln Ceq
Temkin,	${\theta }_{\text{eq}}=\frac{RT}{\mathrm{\Delta }Q}ln{K}_0+\frac{RT}{\mathrm{\Delta }Q}ln{C}_{\mathrm{e}}$
Kiselev,	$\frac{1}{C_{\text{eq}}(1-{\theta }_{\text{eq}})}=\frac{k_1}{{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}+k_1{k}_n$
Elovich,	$ln\frac{{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}{C_{\text{eq}}}=ln{K}_{\mathrm{E}}-{\theta }_{\text{eq}}$
Fowler–Guggenheim	$ln\frac{C_{\text{eq}}(1-{\theta }_{\text{eq}})}{{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}=-ln{K}_{\text{FG}}+\frac{2{\theta }_{\text{eq}}W}{RT}$
Hill–de Boer	$ln\frac{C_{\text{eq}}(1-{\theta }_{\text{eq}})}{{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}-\frac{{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}{1-{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}=-ln{K}_1-\frac{K_2{\theta }_{\text{eq}}}{RT}$