Fig. 2.
Effect of post-treatment protection on reductions in clinical malaria. Relative reduction in clinical incidence among children under 5 years due to case management (a–c) or MDA (d–f) with drugs of increasing duration of post-treatment protection (x-axis). Low, medium, and high endemicity levels (columns) are specified using prevalence among 2–10 year old children (PR2–10). The simulated drugs vary in the duration of prophylaxis but all have a low (SP-like) effect on onward infectivity. Case management (a–c): coverage levels (40, 60, 80, 100%) indicate the proportion of clinical malaria cases treated, and there is no MDA in these simulations. MDA (d–f): these transmission reductions are the result of long-term, sustained MDA to a randomly chosen 80% of the population 2, 4, or 6 times a year, assuming no case management