Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies in the meta-analysis.
| Study | Sample size (hips) |
Age (years) |
Diagnostic criteria |
Disease stages (hips) |
Etiological factors (hips) |
Intervention | Outcome | Follow-up (months) Median |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rastogi et al., 2013 [30] | E: NA (30) | E: 34.7 ± 7 | ARCO | I/II/III | E: S (10), A (2), I (14), Sm (4) | E: CD + BMSCs | CFH, CT | 24 |
| C: NA (30) | C: 33 ± 7.7 | C: S (8), A (6), I (12), Sm (4) | C: CD + UBM | |||||
| Pepke et al., 2016 [31] | E: NA (11) | E: 44.3 ± 3.4 | ARCO | II | NA | E: CD + BMSCs | CFH, CT | 24 |
| C: NA (14) | C: 44.5 ± 3.3 | C: CD | ||||||
| Sen et al., 2012 [32] | E: NA (26) | NA | ARCO | I/II (NA) | Tr (17), S (20), A (8) | E: CD + BMSCs | Harris | 24 |
| C: NA (25) | I (2), P (2), Cs (2) | C: CD | ||||||
| Tabatabaee et al., 2015 [33] | E: 14 (14) | E: 37 ± 11.4 | ARCO | E: I (3), II (9), III (2) | E: S (10), I (4) | E: CD + BMSCs | CFH, CT | 24 |
| C: 13 (14) | C: 26.8 ± 5.8 | C: I (2), II (7), III (5) | C: S (9), I (5) | C: CD | ||||
| Zhao et al., 2012 [34] | E: 50 (53) | E: 32.7 ± 10.5 | ARCO | E: IC (3), IIA (15), IIB (24), IIC (11) | E: Tr (8), S (11), A (11), Cd (6), I (17) | E: CD + BMSCs | CFH, CT | 60 |
| C: 50 (51) | C: 33.8 ± 7.7 | C: IC (2), IIA (15), IIB (22), IIC (12) | C: Tr (12), S (13), A (8), Cd (5), I (13) | C: CD | ||||
| Ma et al., 2014 [35] | E: 21 (25) | E: 35.6 ± 8.1 | Ficat | E: I (3), II (17), III (5) | E: S (15), A (4), I (6) | E: CD + ABG + BMSCs | CFH, CT | 24 |
| C: 18 (24) | C: 34.8 ± 11.5 | C: I (4), II (15), III (5) | C: S (15), A (3), I (6) | C: CD + ABG | ||||
| Guo et al., 2008 [36] | E: 10 (12) | 42 (28~61) | ARCO | III (24) | S (7), A (4), Tr (3), U (6) | E: CD + BMSCs | Harris, PMN | 12 |
| C: 10 (12) | C: CD | |||||||
| Zhao et al., 2016 [37] | E: 18 (NA) | 20~42 (30.5) | Steinberg | NA | NA | E: CD + BMSCs + ABG | Harris, PMN, CFH | 24 |
| C: 18 (NA) | C: CD + ABG | |||||||
| Yang et al., 2015 [38] | E: 30 (44) | E: 16~45 (35.3) | ARCO | E: I (16), II (28) | Tr (6), S (36), A (38), U (2) | E: CD + BMSCs | Harris, PMN, CFH, CT | 18 |
| C: 26 (38) | C: 18~46 (37.6) | C: I (16), II (22) | C: CD | |||||
| Sun et al., 2008 [39] | E: 15 (17) | 17~47 (36) | ARCO | I (8), II (24) | Tr (7), S (9), A (10), U (2) | E: CD + BMSCs | Harris, CFH, CT | 18 |
| C: 13 (15) | C: CD | |||||||
| Chang et al. 2010 [40] | E: 8 (8) | 19~43 (35.7) | ARCO | E: IIA (2), IIB (2), IIC (3), IIIA (1) | S (2) A (3) U (3) | E: CD + BMSCs | Harris, PMN, CFH | 12 |
| C: 8 (8) | C: IIA (4), IIB (2), IIC (1), IIIA (1) | C: CD |
Note. E: experiment group. C: control group. S: steroids. A: alcohol abuse. Tr: trauma. I: idiopathic. P: pregnancy. Cs: Cushing. Cd: caisson disease. Sm: smoking. U: unknown aetiology. ARCO: Association Research Circulation Osseous. CD: core decompression. BMSCs: bone marrow stem cells. UBM: unprocessed bone marrow. ABG: autologous bone grafting. PMN: postoperation MRI necrosis area. CFH: collapse of the femoral head. CT: conversion to THR. NA: not available.