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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 17.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Pathol. 2016 Feb 22;11:175–197. doi: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-012615-044313

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Pathophysiological pathways in bullous pemphigoid. Many of these pathways have been demonstrated in mouse models. Although neutrophils are critical for subepidermal blisters in the mouse, in humans the infiltrate is usually eosinophil rich, with many fewer neutrophils. Abbreviations: BMZ, basement membrane zone; BP, bullous pemphigoid; EC, ectodomain; Ig, immunoglobulin; MC, mast cell; NE, neutrophil elastase.