Table 1.
β-lactamases seen in K. pneumoniae as reported by various studies from India including present study.
| Reference | ESBL | CTX-M | ESBL and CTX-M | AmpC | Class A carbapenemase | Class B carbapenemase (MBLs) | Class D carabpenemase | Class B and D carbapenemase | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| blaSHV | blaTEM | blaSHV, TEM | blaCTX-M | blaTEM, CTX-M | blaSHV, CTX-M | blaSHV, TEM, CTX-M | blaDHA | blaCIT | blaMOX | blaKPC | blaNDM | blaVIM | blaNDM, VIM | blaOXA-48-LIKE | blaNDM, OXA-48 LIKE | blaVIM, OXA-48 LIKE | blaNDM, OXA-48 LIKE, VIM | |
| Veeraraghavan et al. (n = 115)(this study) | 16% | 0 | 1.7% | 0 | 2.6% | 5.2% | 64.3% | 4.3% | 0.8% | 0 | 0 | 19% | 1.7% | 3.4% | 13% | 28% | 0 | 0 |
| (n = 18) | 0 | (n = 2) | (n = 3) | (n = 6) | (n = 74) | (n = 5) | (n = 1) | (n = 22) | (n = 2) | (n = 4) | (n = 15) | (n = 32) | ||||||
| Goyal et al., 2009 [23] | 14% | 19% | 0 | 10% | 29% | 10% | 19% | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| (n = 3) | (n = 4) | (n = 2) | (n = 6) | (n = 2) | (n = 4) | |||||||||||||
| (n = 21) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Sharma et al., 2010 [38] | 72% | 60% | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| (n = 18) | (n = 15) | |||||||||||||||||
| (n = 25) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Manoharan et al., 2011 [22] | 7% | 0 | 5% | 8% | 15% | 8% | 43% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| (n = 4) | (n = 3) | (n = 5) | (n = 9) | (n = 5) | (n = 26) | |||||||||||||
| (n = 61) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Nagaraj et al., 2012 [24] | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0 | 75% | 13.8% | 0 | ND | ND | 0 | 0 |
| (n = 25) | (n = 5) | |||||||||||||||||
| (n = 36) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Mohamudha et al., 2012 [39] | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 17.4% | 10% | 1.8% | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| (n = 19) | (n = 11) | (n = 2) | ||||||||||||||||
| (n = 109) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Krishnamurthy et al., 2013 [40] | 36% | 7% | 0 | 43% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| (n = 10) | (n = 2) | (n = 12) | ||||||||||||||||
| (n = 28) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Chaudhary et al., 2013 [41] (n = 150) |
45.33% | 47.33% | 0 | 37.33% | 0 | 0 | 0 | ND | ND | ND | 7.9% | 6.25% | 17.3% | 0 | ND | ND | 0 | 0 |
| (n = 68) | (n = 71) | (n = 56) | (n = 19) | (n = 24) | (n = 26) | |||||||||||||
| Roy et al., 2015 [42] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33% | 0 | 67% | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
| (n = 2) | (n = 4) | |||||||||||||||||
| (n = 6) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Anandan et al., 2015 [25] | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0 | 34% | 0 | 0 | 44% | 16% | 0 | 0 |
| (n = 30) | (n = 39) | (n = 14) | ||||||||||||||||
| (n = 88) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pragasam et al., 2016 [4] | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | 0 | 24% | 0 | 2.3% | 55% | 16% | 0 | 0 |
| (n = 20) | (n = 2) | (n = 47) | (n = 14) | |||||||||||||||
| (n = 85) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Sharma et al., 2016 [3] | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | – | 27% | 1% | 1% | 36% | 15% | 10% | 4% |
| (n = 36) | (n = 2) | (n = 2) | (n = 48) | (n = 20) | (n = 14) | (n = 6) | ||||||||||||
| (n = 134) | ||||||||||||||||||