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. 2017 Aug 7;149(8):757–762. doi: 10.1085/jgp.201711843

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Proposed localizations of β1 and β3 subunits and their putative interactions with NaV1.5. (A) Location of β1 and β3 according to Zhu et al. (2017), with β1 located between DIII-VSD and DIV-VSD, close to DIV-S4, and β3 located between DII-VSD and DIII-VSD, close to DIII-S4. From these locations, it is easy to imagine how β1 would affect DIV-S4 and β3 would affect DIII-S4. However, it is not clear how β3 affects DIV-S4 from this location. (B–D) Three possible β3 DIV-S4 interactions. (B) The N terminus of β3 reaches over to DIV-S4 and directly affects DIV-S4. (C) Two β3s bind to NaV1.5, one at DIII-S4 and one at DIV-S4. (D) β3 affects DIV-S4 indirectly through an effect via the pore that does not use the S4–S5 linker to S6 coupling. Here shown as a β3-induced rotation of the external end of S5–S6 that is transmitted to DIV-S4 (arrows).