Table 1.
Demographic and clinical variables of the different unplanned extubation (UE) groups.
| Item | All patients (n = 295) | Non-survivors (n = 45) | Survivors (n = 250) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 65.7 ± 16.1 (18~94) | 68.0 ± 14.6 | 65.4 ± 16.3 | 0.317a |
| Female patients | 96 (32.5%) | 11 (24.4%) | 85 (34.0%) | 0.208 |
| Body mass index | 23.7 ± 4.5 (13.8~41.3) | 24.0 ± 5.0 | 23.6 ± 4.4 | 0.591 |
| APACHE II score | 16.4 ± 8.7 (3~42) | 22.9 ± 8.7 | 15.2 ± 8.1 | <0.001 |
| TISS | 26.5 ± 9.1 (10~56) | 30.3 ± 10.7 | 25.9 ± 8.6 | 0.015a |
| Glasgow Coma Scales | 10.3 ± 4.1 (3~15) | 9.4 ± 4.5 | 10.5 ± 4.0 | 0.129a |
| Intubation by pulmonary cause | 112 (38.0%) | 22 (48.9%) | 90 (36.0%) | 0.101 |
| Time of MV before UE (h) | 134.4 ± 158.9 (0~1231) | 165.2 ± 239.7 | 128.8 ± 139.3 | 0.680a |
| Re-intubation within 48 h | 136 (46.1%) | 34 (75.6%) | 102 (40.8%) | <0.001 |
| Medical origin | 154 (52.2%) | 32 (71.1%) | 122 (48.8%) | 0.004 |
| Endotracheal intubation | 278 (94.2%) | 45 (100%) | 233 (93.2%) | 0.118 |
| Self-extubation | 189 (64.1%) | 27 (60.0%) | 162 (64.8%) | 0.537 |
| Co-morbidity | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 0.009 |
| Coronary artery disease | 71 (24.1%) | 10 (22.2%) | 61 (24.4%) | 0.753 |
| COPD | 42 (14.2%) | 6 (13.3%) | 36 (14.4%) | 0.850 |
| Uremia | 23 (7.8%) | 12 (26.7%) | 11 (4.4%) | <0.001 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 14 (4.7%) | 9 (20.0%) | 5 (2.0%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 73 (24.7%) | 16 (35.8%) | 57 (22.8%) | 0.068 |
| Stroke | 93 (31.5%) | 10 (22.8%) | 83 (33.2%) | 0.145 |
| Cancer | 24 (8.1%) | 8 (17.8%) | 16 (6.4%) | 0.017 |
Expressed as mean ± SD (range) or n (%); APACHE II = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; TISS = Therapeutic Intervention Score System; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. aThe Mann-Whiney U test was used owing to not being normally distributed.