Table 3a.

Relationship of Chronic Everyday Discrimination and Bodily Pain: Hispanic (N=229)

	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4

Effect	β-Estimate	SE	P-value	β-Estimate	SE	P-value	β-Estimate	SE	P-value	β-Estimate	SE	P-value
Intercept	82.32	12.01	<.001	81.01	12.15	<.001	86.97	12.79	<.001	82.51	12.28	<.001
Time, 10 yrs	−2.78	1.37	0.043	−2.39	2.16	0.269	1.18	2.28	0.603	−0.50	2.25	0.825
Chronic Discrimination^*	−12.82	3.42	<.001	−12.94	3.42	<.001	−9.11	3.48	0.009	−6.24	3.32	0.060
Baseline Age, yrs^**	−1.46	4.39	0.740	−1.43	4.42	0.747	−0.83	4.45	0.852	−1.56	4.12	0.705
Education
≤ high school	−5.64	8.13	0.488	−4.20	8.29	0.613	−0.80	8.38	0.924	1.38	7.79	0.860
Some college	−3.01	8.43	0.721	−1.70	8.58	0.843	0.94	8.65	0.914	2.51	8.04	0.755
College	3.40	9.16	0.711	5.20	9.30	0.577	9.53	9.37	0.310	9.17	8.69	0.292
Graduate School	Reference			Reference			Reference			Reference
Number of pain medications
2	2.51	7.94	0.752	2.41	7.96	0.762	−9.45	8.82	0.284	−6.20	8.72	0.478
1	−1.22	7.98	0.879	−1.33	8.01	0.868	−12.10	8.84	0.171	−8.79	8.75	0.315
0
Post-menopausal
Yes				−0.66	2.51	0.792	−2.06	2.62	0.430	−1.50	2.58	0.560
No				Reference			Reference			Reference
HT use
Yes				6.12	4.07	0.133	8.68	4.42	0.050	7.37	4.36	0.092
No				Reference			Reference			Reference
BMI, kg/m²^**							−3.76	1.28	0.003	−3.32	1.20	0.006
Smoker
Yes							−6.07	2.66	0.023	−5.89	2.56	0.022
No							Reference			Reference
No. of Upsetting Life Events
≥2							−8.72	2.02	<.001	−6.63	2.02	0.001
1							−2.60	1.95	0.182	−1.21	1.94	0.534
0							Reference			Reference
CES-D
16+										−11.77	1.74	<.001
<16										Reference

Models adjusted for: (1) baseline age, education, number of pain medications; (2) all variables in Model (1) plus post-menopausal status and HT use; (3) all variables in Model (2) plus BMI, smoking status, number of upsetting life events; (4) all variables in Model (3) plus CES-D. Menopausal status, hormone therapy use, BMI, smoking, life events, and CES-D in models 2, 3, 4 are all time varying. Significant associations are bolded.

Average discrimination up to and including the pain visit;

^**

Centered