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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Aug 18.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Res HIV AIDS. 2016 Nov 27;3(1):1031.

Table 6. Health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of combination HIV prevention interventions.

HIV infection (over 10 years) (%) Incremental
Incidence Infections averted Deaths QALYS Cost CER
Status quo 5.44 - 0.43 12.53 6467.96 -
Scenario Combinations ART
VMMC Upscale 2.56 52.49 0.31 + 13.13 + 361.10 27.50
VMMC + HIV vaccine Current 3.46 36.39 0.28 + 18.24 + 206.52 11.32
Upscale 2.25 58.71 0.27 + 18.87 + 581.11 30.80
VMMC + PrEP Current 3.24 40.35 0.27 + 30.78 + 2 062.08 67.00
Upscale 2.11 61.28 0.26 + 31.42 + 2 433.94 77.46
HIV vaccine + PrEP Current 3.15 41.99 0.26 + 19.02 + 2 188.01 115.08
Upscale 2.06 62.11 0.25 +19.65 + 2 563.53 130.42
Dual + VMMC Current 3.04 44.11 0.24 + 42.68 Dominant Dominant

Combined interventions are compared with the status quo (i.e. continuing to treat HIV infection with ART at 29% coverage (1))

ART: Antiretroviral Therapy; HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; HPV: Human Papillomavirus; Dual Vaccine: HIV and HPV Vaccinations; VMMC: Voluntary Male Medical Circumcision; Prep: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis

(ART scale-up covers the ART deficit of 58%; HIV and HPV vaccine quoted at 50% and 70% vaccine efficacy respectively; VMMC efficacy is 60%, PrEP efficacy is 67% (Range = 21% - 67%); all coverage =60%.)