Table 4. Patterns of association between placental findings, fetal growth and stillbirth.

PLACENTAL FINDINGS
(1) associated with stillbirth but not fetal growth
Acute chorioamnionitis of placental membranes
Acute chorioamnionitis of chorionic plate
Chorionic plate vascular degenerative changes
Perivillous, intervillous fibrin, fibrinoid deposition
Fetal vascular thrombi in the chorionic plate
(2) associated with fetal growth abnormalities in stillbirths only
Velamentous umbilical cord insertion in preterm pregnancies
Terminal villous hypoplasia in preterm pregnancies
Parenchymal infarction in preterm pregnancies
(3) associated with fetal growth abnormalities in live births only
Single umbilical artery in term pregnancies
Terminal villous hypoplasia in term pregnancies*
Parenchymal infarction in term pregnancies
(4) associated with fetal growth abnormalities in stillbirths and live births in a similar manner
Placental weight in preterm pregnancies
Intraparenchymal thrombus in term pregnancies
(5) with a different pattern of fetal growth abnormalities in stillbirths and live births
Terminal villous immaturity (diffuse) in preterm pregnancies
Retroplacental hematoma in preterm and term pregnancies
Avascular villi in preterm pregnancies
Placental edema in preterm pregnancies
Placental weight in term pregnancies
Ratio birth weight/placental weight in term pregnancies

* Terminal villous hypoplasia is almost twice as common in stillbirths (3.4%) as in live births (1.8%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance.